{"global":{"lastError":{},"locale":"de","locales":{"data":[{"id":"de","name":"Deutsch"},{"id":"en","name":"English"}],"loading":false,"error":false},"currency":{"id":49,"name":"EUR"},"currencies":{"data":[{"id":49,"name":"EUR"},{"id":124,"name":"RUB"},{"id":153,"name":"UAH"},{"id":155,"name":"USD"}],"loading":false,"error":false},"translations":{"product":{"reference-bonus":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Offer a reference bonus","ru":"Предложить бонус за референс"},"configurator":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Сonfigurator","ru":"Конфигуратор"},"i-sell-it":{"_type":"localeString","en":"I sell it","ru":"I sell it"},"i-use-it":{"_type":"localeString","en":"I use it","ru":"I use it"},"roi-calculator":{"ru":"ROI-калькулятор","_type":"localeString","en":"ROI-calculator"},"selling":{"en":"Selling","ru":"Продают","_type":"localeString"},"using":{"ru":"Используют","_type":"localeString","en":"Using"},"show-more-button":{"ru":"Показать еще","_type":"localeString","en":"Show more"},"hide-button":{"ru":"Скрыть","_type":"localeString","en":"Hide"},"supplier-popover":{"ru":"поставщик","_type":"localeString","en":"supplier"},"implementation-popover":{"ru":"внедрение","_type":"localeString","en":"deployment"},"manufacturer-popover":{"en":"manufacturer","ru":"производитель","_type":"localeString"},"short-description":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Pitch","ru":"Краткое описание"},"i-use-it-popover":{"ru":"Внесите свое внедрение и получите бонус от ROI4CIO или поставщика.","_type":"localeString","en":"Make your introduction and get a bonus from ROI4CIO or the supplier."},"details":{"ru":"Детальнее","_type":"localeString","en":"Details"},"description":{"ru":"Описание","_type":"localeString","en":"Description"},"product-features":{"en":"Product features","ru":"Особенности продукта","_type":"localeString"},"categories":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Categories","ru":"Категории"},"solutions":{"ru":"Проблемы которые решает","_type":"localeString","en":" Problems that solves"},"values":{"en":"Values","ru":"Ценности","_type":"localeString"},"сomparison-matrix":{"ru":"Матрица сравнения","_type":"localeString","en":"Comparison matrix"},"testing":{"ru":"Тестирование","_type":"localeString","en":"Testing"},"compare":{"en":"Compare with competitors","ru":"Сравнить с конкурентами","_type":"localeString"},"characteristics":{"ru":"Характеристики","_type":"localeString","en":" Characteristics"},"transaction-features":{"ru":"Особенности сделки","_type":"localeString","en":"Transaction Features"},"average-discount":{"en":"Partner average discount","ru":"Средняя скидка партнера","_type":"localeString"},"deal-protection":{"ru":"Защита сделки","_type":"localeString","en":"Deal protection"},"average-deal":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Average deal size","ru":"Средний размер сделки"},"average-time":{"ru":"Средний срок закрытия сделки","_type":"localeString","en":"Average deal closing time"},"login":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Login","ru":"Войти"},"register":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Register","ru":"Зарегистрироваться"},"to-know-more":{"ru":"Чтобы узнать больше","_type":"localeString","en":"To know more"},"scheme":{"_type":"localeString","en":" Scheme of work","ru":"Схема работы"},"competitive-products":{"en":" Competitive products","ru":"Конкурентные продукты","_type":"localeString"},"implementations-with-product":{"ru":"Внедрения с этим продуктом","_type":"localeString","en":"Deployments with this product"},"user-features":{"en":"User features","ru":"Особенности пользователей","_type":"localeString"},"job-roles":{"ru":"Роли заинтересованных сотрудников","_type":"localeString","en":" Roles of Interested Employees"},"organizational-features":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Organizational Features","ru":"Организационные особенности"},"calculate-price":{"_type":"localeString","en":" Calculate product price","ru":"Рассчитать цену продукта"},"selling-stories":{"en":" Selling stories","ru":"Продающие истории","_type":"localeString"},"materials":{"ru":"Материалы","_type":"localeString","en":"Materials"},"about-product":{"_type":"localeString","en":"About Product","ru":"О продукте"},"or":{"ru":"или","_type":"localeString","en":"or"},"program-sends-data":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Program Sends Data"},"calculate-roi":{"ru":"Рассчитать ROI продукта","_type":"localeString","en":"Calculate Product ROI"},"complementary-categories":{"en":"Complementary Categories","ru":"Схожие категории","_type":"localeString"},"program-receives-data":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Program Receives Data"},"rebate":{"ru":"Бонус","_type":"localeString","en":"Bonus"},"rebate-for-poc":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Bonus 4 POC","ru":"Бонус 4 POC"},"configurator-content":{"ru":"Рассчитайте стоимость продукта","_type":"localeString","en":"Calculate price for this product here"},"configurator-link":{"en":"here","ru":"тут","_type":"localeString"},"vendor-popover":{"en":"vendor","ru":"производитель","_type":"localeString"},"user-popover":{"_type":"localeString","en":"user","ru":"пользователь"},"select-for-presentation":{"_type":"localeString","en":"select product for presentation","ru":"выбрать продукт для презентации"},"auth-message":{"_type":"localeString","en":"You have to register or login.","ru":"Вам нужно зарегистрироваться или войти."},"add-to-comparison":{"ru":"Добавить в сравнение","_type":"localeString","en":"Add to comparison"},"added-to-comparison":{"ru":"Добавлено в сравнения","_type":"localeString","en":"Added to comparison"},"roi-calculator-content":{"ru":"Рассчитайте ROI для данного продукта","_type":"localeString","en":"Calculate ROI for this product here"},"not-yet-converted":{"ru":"Данные модерируются и вскоре будут опубликованы. Попробуйте повторить переход через некоторое время.","_type":"localeString","en":"Data is moderated and will be published soon. Please, try again later."},"videos":{"ru":"Видео","_type":"localeString","en":"Videos"},"vendor-verified":{"ru":"Подтверждено производителем","_type":"localeString","en":"Vendor verified"},"event-schedule":{"en":"Events schedule","ru":"Расписание событий","_type":"localeString"},"scheduling-tip":{"en":"Please, сhoose a convenient date and time and register for the event.","ru":"Выберите удобную дату и время и зарегистрируйтесь на ивент.","_type":"localeString"},"register-to-schedule":{"ru":"Для того чтобы зарегистрироваться на ивент пожалуйста авторизируйтесь или зарегистрируйтесь на сайт.","_type":"localeString","en":"To register for the event please log in or register on the site."},"comparison-matrix":{"ru":"Матрица сравнений","_type":"localeString","en":"Comparison matrix"},"compare-with-competitive":{"ru":"Сравнить с конкурентными","_type":"localeString","en":" Compare with competitive"},"avg-deal-closing-unit":{"ru":"месяцев","_type":"localeString","en":"months"},"under-construction":{"ru":"Данная услуга всё ещё находится в разработке.","_type":"localeString","en":"Current feature is still developing to become even more useful for you."},"product-presentation":{"ru":"Презентация продукта","_type":"localeString","en":"Product presentation"},"go-to-comparison-table":{"_type":"localeString","en":" Go to comparison table","ru":"Перейти к таблице сравнения"},"see-product-details":{"_type":"localeString","en":"See Details","ru":"Детали"}},"header":{"help":{"de":"Hilfe","ru":"Помощь","_type":"localeString","en":"Help"},"how":{"en":"How does it works","de":"Wie funktioniert es","ru":"Как это работает","_type":"localeString"},"login":{"de":"Einloggen","ru":"Вход","_type":"localeString","en":"Log in"},"logout":{"en":"Sign out","ru":"Выйти","_type":"localeString"},"faq":{"de":"FAQ","ru":"FAQ","_type":"localeString","en":"FAQ"},"references":{"ru":"Мои запросы","_type":"localeString","en":"Requests","de":"References"},"solutions":{"en":"Solutions","ru":"Возможности","_type":"localeString"},"find-it-product":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Selection and comparison of IT product","ru":"Подбор и сравнение ИТ продукта"},"autoconfigurator":{"ru":"Калькулятор цены","_type":"localeString","en":" Price calculator"},"comparison-matrix":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Comparison Matrix","ru":"Матрица сравнения"},"roi-calculators":{"_type":"localeString","en":"ROI calculators","ru":"ROI калькуляторы"},"b4r":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Bonus for reference","ru":"Бонус за референс"},"business-booster":{"ru":"Развитие бизнеса","_type":"localeString","en":"Business boosting"},"catalogs":{"en":"Catalogs","ru":"Каталоги","_type":"localeString"},"products":{"ru":"Продукты","_type":"localeString","en":"Products"},"implementations":{"ru":"Внедрения","_type":"localeString","en":"Deployments"},"companies":{"ru":"Компании","_type":"localeString","en":"Companies"},"categories":{"ru":"Категории","_type":"localeString","en":"Categories"},"for-suppliers":{"en":"For suppliers","ru":"Поставщикам","_type":"localeString"},"blog":{"ru":"Блог","_type":"localeString","en":"Blog"},"agreements":{"ru":"Сделки","_type":"localeString","en":"Deals"},"my-account":{"_type":"localeString","en":"My account","ru":"Мой кабинет"},"register":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Register","ru":"Зарегистрироваться"},"comparison-deletion":{"en":"Deletion","ru":"Удаление","_type":"localeString"},"comparison-confirm":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Are you sure you want to delete","ru":"Подтвердите удаление"},"search-placeholder":{"ru":"Введите поисковый запрос","_type":"localeString","en":"Enter your search term"},"my-profile":{"_type":"localeString","en":"My profile","ru":"Мои данные"},"about":{"en":"About Us","_type":"localeString"},"it_catalogs":{"en":"IT catalogs","_type":"localeString"},"roi4presenter":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Roi4Presenter"},"roi4webinar":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Pitch Avatar"},"sub_it_catalogs":{"en":"Find IT product","_type":"localeString"},"sub_b4reference":{"en":"Get reference from user","_type":"localeString"},"sub_roi4presenter":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Make online presentations"},"sub_roi4webinar":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Create an avatar for the event"},"catalogs_new":{"en":"Products","_type":"localeString"},"b4reference":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Bonus4Reference"},"it_our_it_catalogs":{"en":"Our IT Catalogs","_type":"localeString"},"it_products":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Find and compare IT products"},"it_implementations":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Learn implementation reviews"},"it_companies":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Find vendor and company-supplier"},"it_categories":{"en":"Explore IT products by category","_type":"localeString"},"it_our_products":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Our Products"},"it_it_catalogs":{"en":"IT catalogs","_type":"localeString"}},"footer":{"copyright":{"de":"Alle rechte vorbehalten","ru":"Все права защищены","_type":"localeString","en":"All rights reserved"},"company":{"de":"Über die Firma","ru":"О компании","_type":"localeString","en":"My Company"},"about":{"de":"Über uns","ru":"О нас","_type":"localeString","en":"About us"},"infocenter":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Infocenter","de":"Infocenter","ru":"Инфоцентр"},"tariffs":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Subscriptions","de":"Tarife","ru":"Тарифы"},"contact":{"ru":"Связаться с нами","_type":"localeString","en":"Contact us","de":"Kontaktiere uns"},"marketplace":{"ru":"Marketplace","_type":"localeString","en":"Marketplace","de":"Marketplace"},"products":{"ru":"Продукты","_type":"localeString","en":"Products","de":"Produkte"},"compare":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Pick and compare","de":"Wähle und vergleiche","ru":"Подобрать и сравнить"},"calculate":{"ru":"Расчитать стоимость","_type":"localeString","en":"Calculate the cost","de":"Kosten berechnen"},"get_bonus":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Bonus for reference","de":"Holen Sie sich einen Rabatt","ru":"Бонус за референс"},"salestools":{"de":"Salestools","ru":"Salestools","_type":"localeString","en":"Salestools"},"automatization":{"de":"Abwicklungsautomatisierung","ru":"Автоматизация расчетов","_type":"localeString","en":"Settlement Automation"},"roi_calcs":{"_type":"localeString","en":"ROI calculators","de":"ROI-Rechner","ru":"ROI калькуляторы"},"matrix":{"de":"Vergleichsmatrix","ru":"Матрица сравнения","_type":"localeString","en":"Comparison matrix"},"b4r":{"en":"Rebate 4 Reference","de":"Rebate 4 Reference","ru":"Rebate 4 Reference","_type":"localeString"},"our_social":{"de":"Unsere sozialen Netzwerke","ru":"Наши социальные сети","_type":"localeString","en":"Our social networks"},"subscribe":{"en":"Subscribe to newsletter","de":"Melden Sie sich für den Newsletter an","ru":"Подпишитесь на рассылку","_type":"localeString"},"subscribe_info":{"en":"and be the first to know about promotions, new features and recent software reviews","ru":"и узнавайте первыми об акциях, новых возможностях и свежих обзорах софта","_type":"localeString"},"policy":{"en":"Privacy Policy","ru":"Политика конфиденциальности","_type":"localeString"},"user_agreement":{"en":"Agreement","ru":"Пользовательское соглашение ","_type":"localeString"},"solutions":{"ru":"Возможности","_type":"localeString","en":"Solutions"},"find":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Selection and comparison of IT product","ru":"Подбор и сравнение ИТ продукта"},"quote":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Price calculator","ru":"Калькулятор цены"},"boosting":{"ru":"Развитие бизнеса","_type":"localeString","en":"Business boosting"},"4vendors":{"ru":"поставщикам","_type":"localeString","en":"4 vendors"},"blog":{"ru":"блог","_type":"localeString","en":"blog"},"pay4content":{"ru":"платим за контент","_type":"localeString","en":"we pay for content"},"categories":{"ru":"категории","_type":"localeString","en":"categories"},"showForm":{"en":"Show form","ru":"Показать форму","_type":"localeString"},"subscribe__title":{"ru":"Раз в месяц мы отправляем дайджест актуальных новостей ИТ мира!","_type":"localeString","en":"We send a digest of actual news from the IT world once in a month!"},"subscribe__email-label":{"ru":"Email","_type":"localeString","en":"Email"},"subscribe__name-label":{"ru":"Имя","_type":"localeString","en":"Name"},"subscribe__required-message":{"_type":"localeString","en":"This field is required","ru":"Это поле обязательное"},"subscribe__notify-label":{"en":"Yes, please, notify me about news, events and propositions","ru":"Да, пожалуйста уведомляйте меня о новостях, событиях и предложениях","_type":"localeString"},"subscribe__agree-label":{"_type":"localeString","en":"By subscribing to the newsletter, you agree to the %TERMS% and %POLICY% and agree to the use of cookies and the transfer of your personal data","ru":"Подписываясь на рассылку, вы соглашаетесь с %TERMS% и %POLICY% и даете согласие на использование файлов cookie и передачу своих персональных данных*"},"subscribe__submit-label":{"en":"Subscribe","ru":"Подписаться","_type":"localeString"},"subscribe__email-message":{"ru":"Пожалуйста, введите корректный адрес электронной почты","_type":"localeString","en":"Please, enter the valid email"},"subscribe__email-placeholder":{"en":"username@gmail.com","ru":"username@gmail.com","_type":"localeString"},"subscribe__name-placeholder":{"ru":"Имя Фамилия","_type":"localeString","en":"Last, first name"},"subscribe__success":{"ru":"Вы успешно подписаны на рассылку. Проверьте свой почтовый ящик.","_type":"localeString","en":"You are successfully subscribed! Check you mailbox."},"subscribe__error":{"ru":"Не удалось оформить подписку. Пожалуйста, попробуйте позднее.","_type":"localeString","en":"Subscription is unsuccessful. Please, try again later."},"roi4presenter":{"de":"roi4presenter","ru":"roi4presenter","_type":"localeString","en":"Roi4Presenter"},"it_catalogs":{"_type":"localeString","en":"IT catalogs"},"roi4webinar":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Pitch Avatar"},"b4reference":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Bonus4Reference"}},"breadcrumbs":{"home":{"ru":"Главная","_type":"localeString","en":"Home"},"companies":{"ru":"Компании","_type":"localeString","en":"Companies"},"products":{"ru":"Продукты","_type":"localeString","en":"Products"},"implementations":{"ru":"Внедрения","_type":"localeString","en":"Deployments"},"login":{"ru":"Вход","_type":"localeString","en":"Login"},"registration":{"en":"Registration","ru":"Регистрация","_type":"localeString"},"b2b-platform":{"en":"B2B platform for IT buyers, vendors and suppliers","ru":"Портал для покупателей, поставщиков и производителей ИТ","_type":"localeString"}},"comment-form":{"title":{"en":"Leave comment","ru":"Оставить комментарий","_type":"localeString"},"firstname":{"ru":"Имя","_type":"localeString","en":"First name"},"lastname":{"en":"Last name","ru":"Фамилия","_type":"localeString"},"company":{"en":"Company name","ru":"Компания","_type":"localeString"},"position":{"ru":"Должность","_type":"localeString","en":"Position"},"actual-cost":{"en":"Actual cost","ru":"Фактическая стоимость","_type":"localeString"},"received-roi":{"ru":"Полученный ROI","_type":"localeString","en":"Received ROI"},"saving-type":{"ru":"Тип экономии","_type":"localeString","en":"Saving type"},"comment":{"en":"Comment","ru":"Комментарий","_type":"localeString"},"your-rate":{"en":"Your rate","ru":"Ваша оценка","_type":"localeString"},"i-agree":{"ru":"Я согласен","_type":"localeString","en":"I agree"},"terms-of-use":{"ru":"С пользовательским соглашением и политикой конфиденциальности","_type":"localeString","en":"With user agreement and privacy policy"},"send":{"ru":"Отправить","_type":"localeString","en":"Send"},"required-message":{"en":"{NAME} is required filed","ru":"{NAME} - это обязательное поле","_type":"localeString"}},"maintenance":{"title":{"ru":"На сайте проводятся технические работы","_type":"localeString","en":"Site under maintenance"},"message":{"ru":"Спасибо за ваше понимание","_type":"localeString","en":"Thank you for your understanding"}}},"translationsStatus":{"product":"success"},"sections":{},"sectionsStatus":{},"pageMetaData":{"product":{"meta":[{"name":"og:type","content":"website"},{"name":"og:image","content":"https://roi4cio.com/fileadmin/templates/roi4cio/image/roi4cio-logobig.jpg"}],"translatable_meta":[{"name":"og:title","translations":{"ru":"Конкретный продукт","_type":"localeString","en":"Example product"}},{"name":"og:description","translations":{"en":"Description for one product","ru":"Описание для конкретного продукта","_type":"localeString"}},{"translations":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Product","ru":"Продукт"},"name":"title"},{"name":"description","translations":{"ru":"Описание продукта","_type":"localeString","en":"Product description"}},{"name":"keywords","translations":{"en":"Product keywords","ru":"Ключевые слова продукта","_type":"localeString"}}],"title":{"ru":"ROI4CIO: Продукт","_type":"localeString","en":"ROI4CIO: Product"}}},"pageMetaDataStatus":{"product":"success"},"subscribeInProgress":false,"subscribeError":false},"auth":{"inProgress":false,"error":false,"checked":true,"initialized":false,"user":{},"role":null,"expires":null},"products":{"productsByAlias":{"amazon-product-photography-services":{"id":4792,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/product_photography.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Amazon Product Photography Services","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"amazon-product-photography-services","companyTitle":"AMZ One Step Ltd.","companyTypes":["supplier"],"companyId":7215,"companyAlias":"amz-one-step-ltd","description":"<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Raleway; font-size: 20px; text-align: justify;\">Product Photography can also help increase the Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) Value of your product. The use of unique and high-quality images can help boost rankings for your products.</p>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Raleway; font-size: 20px; text-align: justify;\">With the help of our Amazon Product Photography Service, you can generate more traffic, and get the extra spark you need to help set your product apart from your competitors&rsquo;.</p>","shortDescription":"Product Photography can also help increase the Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) Value of your product. The use of unique and high-quality images can help boost rankings for your products.\r\n","type":"Software","isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":11,"sellingCount":10,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Amazon Product Photography Services","keywords":"","description":"<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Raleway; font-size: 20px; text-align: justify;\">Product Photography can also help increase the Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) Value of your product. The use of unique and high","og:title":"Amazon Product Photography Services","og:description":"<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; font-family: Raleway; font-size: 20px; text-align: justify;\">Product Photography can also help increase the Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) Value of your product. The use of unique and high","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/product_photography.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":4792,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"},{"id":538,"title":"Services","alias":"services","description":" Service - any activity or work that one party can offer the other, characterized by the absence of the proposed material tangibility of such activities and not expressed in possession of something.\r\nA service from the point of view of marketing is a sale object in the form of an artist’s action, bringing benefits to the consumer or a useful result. In the process of providing services, a new, previously non-existent material product is not created, but the quality of an existing, created product changes. These are goods provided not in the form of commodities or exchange, but in the form of activities. The very provision of services creates the desired result for the consumer.\r\nServices have four main characteristics that significantly affect the development of marketing programs:\r\n<ul><li>intangibility - it is impossible to demonstrate, see, try, transport, store, pack or study. All this is possible only in relation to the final result (it was - it became);</li><li>inseparability - a service can be provided only when an order arrives or a client appears, i.e. services are provided and consumed simultaneously;</li><li>variability (non-standardization) - customers are direct participants in the service process and affect its final result;</li><li>impossibility of storage - unlike tangible goods, they cannot be made for future use.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of services?</span>\r\nThe provision (provision) of services may include, for example, the following:\r\n<ul><li>activities carried out on material products supplied by the consumer (for example, repair of a faulty car);</li><li>activities carried out on intangible products supplied by the consumer (for example, preparing a statement of income required to determine the amount of tax);</li><li>the provision of intangible products (for example, information in the sense of knowledge transfer);</li><li>creating favorable conditions for consumers (for example, in hotels and restaurants).</li></ul>\r\nThe services provided to the population, by appointment, are divided into material and socio-cultural:\r\n<ul><li>Material service - a service to satisfy the material and domestic needs of a consumer of services. It provides restoration (change, preservation) of consumer properties of products or the manufacture of new products by orders of citizens, as well as the movement of goods and people, the creation of conditions for consumption. In particular, material services may include household services related to the repair and manufacture of products, housing and communal services, catering services, transportation services, etc.</li><li>Socio-cultural service (intangible service) - a service to satisfy spiritual, intellectual needs and the maintenance of normal consumer life. Provides maintenance and restoration of health, spiritual and physical development of the individual, increasing professional skills. Social and cultural services cannot include medical care and compulsory educational process.</li></ul>\r\nServices can be: private or commercial, voluntary or forced, paid or free, instant or long-term, mutual and anonymous, public, etc.\r\nThe generalizing category, which includes all types of commercial and non-commercial services and is part of the economy, is the service sector.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Service Examples</span>\r\nRealtor services - services of a realtor, real estate agent, aimed at satisfying the needs of the client when performing operations to manage real estate, as well as creating additional benefits for the client when carrying out operations with real estate (additional income or an additional increase in the value of real estate both in the short and long term), the receipt of which would be impossible without the participation of a realtor (real estate agent) and the use of special professional tools and skills. At the same time, the effectiveness of the realtor (real estate agent) is estimated by the value of the benefit received by the client, and his remuneration is only part of it.\r\nLegal services - the services of a lawyer and attorney in many cases are vital, therefore, the choice of performers for their provision should be with particular seriousness and responsibility. The main areas of lawyer and advocate services:\r\n<ul><li>Comprehensive legal services for organizations of various forms of ownership;</li><li>Arbitration - representing the interests of organizations in arbitration courts;</li><li>Representation of interests of companies in courts of various instances;</li><li>Professional legal support of transactions and contracts of organizations;</li><li>Services to legal entities related to bankruptcy of enterprises;</li><li>Services of professional lawyers in returning and collecting debts;</li><li>Representation of interests of organizations in the event of tax disputes;</li><li>Processes related to registration of the inheritance;</li><li>Services of a professional lawyer in the event of a traffic accident (Legal assistance in road accidents);</li><li>Services of a lawyer and advocate in the event of housing disputes;</li><li>Family lawyer services;</li><li>Providing the services of a lawyer and criminal lawyer;</li><li>Ensuring consumer protection.</li></ul>\r\nAccounting services are necessary for both newly opened companies and existing structures that need to establish an accounting service or monitor the work of a full-time accountant. Accounting services are also relevant in the case of business expansion, as new employees appear in the company, salaries are revised, and associated costs arise. Professional accounting services are the foundation of successful business activities, ensuring the prosperity of the business due to the precise control of all financial resources of the company.\r\nPsychological assistance services.\r\nIT-services (IT-services, IT-services; including IT-consulting) - services related to assisting in the development of computer literacy of users, training them in new software products. The list of services also includes services for installation, updating and maintenance of software products and computer equipment.\r\nInformation Services.\r\nand etc.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Services.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[{"id":6916,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/app-icon-base-android.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Integrated MLM Software","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"integrated-mlm-software","companyTitle":"Codexoro Technologies LLP","companyTypes":["vendor"],"companyId":10593,"companyAlias":"codexoro-technologies-llp","description":"<p><strong>Integrated MLM Software</strong> is a premier solution for network marketing, delivering the world's first MLM Super App and software. Our platform is designed to empower network marketers with a comprehensive suite of tools and features, ensuring seamless business operations and exponential growth.</p>\r\n<h3>Key Features:</h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>E-commerce Integration</li>\r\n<li>MLM Systems</li>\r\n<li>Customer Relationship Management (CRM)</li>\r\n<li>Customer Support</li>\r\n<li>Promotional Tools</li>\r\n<li>Real-time Tracking</li>\r\n<li>Advanced Analytics</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<h3>Comprehensive MLM Plan Support:</h3>\r\n<p>We provide software solutions for all MLM plans, including:</p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Binary MLM Software</li>\r\n<li>Matrix MLM Software</li>\r\n<li>Unilevel MLM Software</li>\r\n<li>Hybrid MLM Software</li>\r\n<li>Generation MLM Software</li>\r\n<li>Board MLM Software</li>\r\n<li>Stairstep MLM Software</li>\r\n</ul>","shortDescription":"Integrated MLM Software offers the world's first MLM Super App and software with e-commerce, MLM systems, CRM, customer support, promotional tools, real-time tracking, and advanced analytics.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":0,"sellingCount":0,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Integrated MLM Software","keywords":"","description":"<p><strong>Integrated MLM Software</strong> is a premier solution for network marketing, delivering the world's first MLM Super App and software. Our platform is designed to empower network marketers with a comprehensive suite of tools and features, ensuring s","og:title":"Integrated MLM Software","og:description":"<p><strong>Integrated MLM Software</strong> is a premier solution for network marketing, delivering the world's first MLM Super App and software. Our platform is designed to empower network marketers with a comprehensive suite of tools and features, ensuring s","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/app-icon-base-android.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":6916,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":5126,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Strabis_Logo.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Strabis WEB","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":1,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"strabis-web","companyTitle":"Strabis","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":8198,"companyAlias":"strabis","description":"&quot;Strabis WEB&quot; is an information and telecommunication system (software) designed to accumulate and systematize structured and textual information in a combined database, and to solve an information retrieval and analytical problems.","shortDescription":"StrabisWeb is a software for security, compliance, risk management and competitive intelligence specialists.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":12,"sellingCount":17,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Strabis WEB","keywords":"","description":"&quot;Strabis WEB&quot; is an information and telecommunication system (software) designed to accumulate and systematize structured and textual information in a combined database, and to solve an information retrieval and analytical problems.","og:title":"Strabis WEB","og:description":"&quot;Strabis WEB&quot; is an information and telecommunication system (software) designed to accumulate and systematize structured and textual information in a combined database, and to solve an information retrieval and analytical problems.","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Strabis_Logo.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":5127,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":479,"title":"System Infrastructure Software","alias":"system-infrastructure-software","description":" System infrastructure software is a type of enterprise software or program designed to increase the IT performance of any organization. It provides various solutions to enterprises such as workforce support, business transactions, and internal services &amp; processes. This software is used by various industry verticals to operate business functions efficiently and smoothly.\r\nAdvancements in cloud technologies and virtualization are expected to boost the market. Further, the rise in demand for automation and integrated approach in the business process is also anticipated to fuel the market. However, high implementation costs and the absence of a standardized framework are expected to hinder the growth of the market. Moreover, the adoption of bringing your own device (BYOD) is a major opportunity for key players in the system infrastructure software market.\r\nThe system infrastructure software market is segmented on the basis of type, application, industry vertical, and geography. Based on the type, the market is divided into system &amp; network management software, security software, storage software, and system software. By application, the market is classified into building management systems, cloud integration, data center infrastructure management, integrated communication, network integration, and others. By industry vertical, the market is categorized into banking, financial services and insurance (BFSI), telecommunications &amp; IT, transportation &amp; logistics, oil &amp; gas, manufacturing, retail, and others. By geography, it is analyzed across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA.<br /><br />","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">System Infrastructure Software Market Key Segments:</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">By Type</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>System &amp; Network Management Software</li><li>Security Software</li><li>Storage Software</li><li>System Software</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">By Application</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>Building Management System</li><li>Cloud Integration</li><li>Data Center Infrastructure Management</li><li>Integrated Communication</li><li>Network Integration</li><li>Others</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">By Industry Vertical</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>Banking, Financial Services and Insurance (BFSI)</li><li>Telecommunications &amp; IT</li><li>Transportation &amp; Logistics</li><li>Oil &amp; Gas</li><li>Manufacturing</li><li>Retail</li><li>Others </li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_System_Infrastructure_Software.png"},{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":5128,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Medstar_Solutions_Logo.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Medstar Solutions Regional Information Medical System (RIMS)","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":1,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"medstar-solutions-regional-information-medical-system-rims","companyTitle":"Medstar Solutions LLC","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":8200,"companyAlias":"medstar-soljushens","description":"Ukraine has a territorial multilevel system of medical care. With such an organization, one of the most important tasks is to establish interaction between medical institutions of different levels and create a unified electronic medical card for the patient.\r\nThese and a number of other tasks are successfully handled by the Medstar Regional Medical Information System.\r\nThe<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"> RIMS &quot;Medstar&quot;</span> is intended for local health departments, medical statistics centers and allows you to quickly and efficiently automate the network of medical institutions at any regional level (district, city, region).\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Benefits for Health and Medical Statistics</span>\r\nThe key element of the RIMS &quot;Medstar&quot; is the central component, which allows for solving the following tasks:\r\n<ul><li>Creation and management of the network structure of medical institutions;</li><li>Managing the patient registry in the region;</li><li>Managing registries of medical institutions and health workers;</li><li>Storage for the patient’s electronic medical record;</li><li>Database administration;</li><li>Medical classifiers (ICD-10, drugs, medical services, etc.).</li></ul>\r\nThe owner of such a regional system will receive comprehensive statistics and analysis on the medical processes within his network for each institution, doctor, patient.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Benefits for hospitals and doctors</span>\r\nMedical institutions, which are part of the regional network and use RIMS Medstar in their daily activities, have at their disposal a powerful tool for managing medical processes and improving the quality of services.\r\nStatistical reporting, local treatment protocols, printing recipes, referrals and consultation findings, reminders and an electronic appointment line are all simple and effective to use.\r\nAnother interesting opportunity for health care facilities will be to inform the population of the region about holding the “Health Day” campaigns in health care facilities, explanatory materials during the period of epidemiological activity, and any other materials that will help improve the health of citizens in the region.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Patient Interaction</span>\r\nThanks to a single repository, information about the patient’s health can be accessible to any medical officer who provides services to him. Electronic medical record stores all the medical records - from the appointment of a family doctor to the protocols of operations and laboratory tests.\r\nFor patients, RIMS &quot;Medstar&quot; provides a convenient opportunity for interaction with medical institutions. Thanks to the online office, the patient can make an appointment with his doctor at a convenient time. The reminder system will inform him of the need to undergo a scheduled examination or follow the doctor’s instructions. The results of the provision of medical services will always be available for viewing in his electronic health history.","shortDescription":"Regional Information Medical System (RIMS) - a single information space for the region’s medicine.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":16,"sellingCount":16,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Medstar Solutions Regional Information Medical System (RIMS)","keywords":"","description":"Ukraine has a territorial multilevel system of medical care. With such an organization, one of the most important tasks is to establish interaction between medical institutions of different levels and create a unified electronic medical card for the patient.\r\n","og:title":"Medstar Solutions Regional Information Medical System (RIMS)","og:description":"Ukraine has a territorial multilevel system of medical care. With such an organization, one of the most important tasks is to establish interaction between medical institutions of different levels and create a unified electronic medical card for the patient.\r\n","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Medstar_Solutions_Logo.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":5129,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":479,"title":"System Infrastructure Software","alias":"system-infrastructure-software","description":" System infrastructure software is a type of enterprise software or program designed to increase the IT performance of any organization. It provides various solutions to enterprises such as workforce support, business transactions, and internal services &amp; processes. This software is used by various industry verticals to operate business functions efficiently and smoothly.\r\nAdvancements in cloud technologies and virtualization are expected to boost the market. Further, the rise in demand for automation and integrated approach in the business process is also anticipated to fuel the market. However, high implementation costs and the absence of a standardized framework are expected to hinder the growth of the market. Moreover, the adoption of bringing your own device (BYOD) is a major opportunity for key players in the system infrastructure software market.\r\nThe system infrastructure software market is segmented on the basis of type, application, industry vertical, and geography. Based on the type, the market is divided into system &amp; network management software, security software, storage software, and system software. By application, the market is classified into building management systems, cloud integration, data center infrastructure management, integrated communication, network integration, and others. By industry vertical, the market is categorized into banking, financial services and insurance (BFSI), telecommunications &amp; IT, transportation &amp; logistics, oil &amp; gas, manufacturing, retail, and others. By geography, it is analyzed across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA.<br /><br />","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">System Infrastructure Software Market Key Segments:</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">By Type</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>System &amp; Network Management Software</li><li>Security Software</li><li>Storage Software</li><li>System Software</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">By Application</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>Building Management System</li><li>Cloud Integration</li><li>Data Center Infrastructure Management</li><li>Integrated Communication</li><li>Network Integration</li><li>Others</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">By Industry Vertical</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>Banking, Financial Services and Insurance (BFSI)</li><li>Telecommunications &amp; IT</li><li>Transportation &amp; Logistics</li><li>Oil &amp; Gas</li><li>Manufacturing</li><li>Retail</li><li>Others </li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_System_Infrastructure_Software.png"},{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":5640,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/MSi_Mission_Secure.jpg","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"MSi Risk Assessment","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"msi-risk-assessment","companyTitle":"MSi Mission Secure","companyTypes":["vendor"],"companyId":7395,"companyAlias":"msi-mission-secure","description":"<p class=\"align-center\"><b>Partner with IT, OT, cybersecurity and industrial experts </b></p>\r\nComprised of industrial control system (ICS), operational technology (OT), and cyber experts, the MSi team works with our clients to understand and analyze the state of cybersecurity in their current operational technology (OT) environments. We combine our proprietary OT network analysis technology with our deep experience in cyber and ICS methods for attacking control systems to complement standards-based methodologies, including:\r\n<ul> <li>Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Improving ICS Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies </li> <li>NIST's ICS Cybersecurity Risk Framework </li> <li>Sandia National Laboratories' Information Design and Assurance Red Team (IDART)™ </li> <li>Industry-specific standards (e.g., ISA/IEC 62443) </li> </ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><b>Experience the MSi Difference: Our Approach </b></p>\r\n<b>Assess</b>\r\nAssess control systems and operational technology (OT) networks to identify the greatest cyber risks.\r\n<b>Design</b>\r\nPrioritize and design optimal cybersecurity defenses to mitigate cyber risks and vulnerabilities.\r\n<b>Protect</b>\r\nProtect, manage, and maintain control systems and operations before, during, and after a cyber incident. ","shortDescription":"Understand & Mitigate Control System & OT Cyber Risks\r\n","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":16,"sellingCount":6,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"MSi Risk Assessment","keywords":"","description":"<p class=\"align-center\"><b>Partner with IT, OT, cybersecurity and industrial experts </b></p>\r\nComprised of industrial control system (ICS), operational technology (OT), and cyber experts, the MSi team works with our clients to understand and analyze the state","og:title":"MSi Risk Assessment","og:description":"<p class=\"align-center\"><b>Partner with IT, OT, cybersecurity and industrial experts </b></p>\r\nComprised of industrial control system (ICS), operational technology (OT), and cyber experts, the MSi team works with our clients to understand and analyze the state","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/MSi_Mission_Secure.jpg"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":5639,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":538,"title":"Services","alias":"services","description":" Service - any activity or work that one party can offer the other, characterized by the absence of the proposed material tangibility of such activities and not expressed in possession of something.\r\nA service from the point of view of marketing is a sale object in the form of an artist’s action, bringing benefits to the consumer or a useful result. In the process of providing services, a new, previously non-existent material product is not created, but the quality of an existing, created product changes. These are goods provided not in the form of commodities or exchange, but in the form of activities. The very provision of services creates the desired result for the consumer.\r\nServices have four main characteristics that significantly affect the development of marketing programs:\r\n<ul><li>intangibility - it is impossible to demonstrate, see, try, transport, store, pack or study. All this is possible only in relation to the final result (it was - it became);</li><li>inseparability - a service can be provided only when an order arrives or a client appears, i.e. services are provided and consumed simultaneously;</li><li>variability (non-standardization) - customers are direct participants in the service process and affect its final result;</li><li>impossibility of storage - unlike tangible goods, they cannot be made for future use.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of services?</span>\r\nThe provision (provision) of services may include, for example, the following:\r\n<ul><li>activities carried out on material products supplied by the consumer (for example, repair of a faulty car);</li><li>activities carried out on intangible products supplied by the consumer (for example, preparing a statement of income required to determine the amount of tax);</li><li>the provision of intangible products (for example, information in the sense of knowledge transfer);</li><li>creating favorable conditions for consumers (for example, in hotels and restaurants).</li></ul>\r\nThe services provided to the population, by appointment, are divided into material and socio-cultural:\r\n<ul><li>Material service - a service to satisfy the material and domestic needs of a consumer of services. It provides restoration (change, preservation) of consumer properties of products or the manufacture of new products by orders of citizens, as well as the movement of goods and people, the creation of conditions for consumption. In particular, material services may include household services related to the repair and manufacture of products, housing and communal services, catering services, transportation services, etc.</li><li>Socio-cultural service (intangible service) - a service to satisfy spiritual, intellectual needs and the maintenance of normal consumer life. Provides maintenance and restoration of health, spiritual and physical development of the individual, increasing professional skills. Social and cultural services cannot include medical care and compulsory educational process.</li></ul>\r\nServices can be: private or commercial, voluntary or forced, paid or free, instant or long-term, mutual and anonymous, public, etc.\r\nThe generalizing category, which includes all types of commercial and non-commercial services and is part of the economy, is the service sector.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Service Examples</span>\r\nRealtor services - services of a realtor, real estate agent, aimed at satisfying the needs of the client when performing operations to manage real estate, as well as creating additional benefits for the client when carrying out operations with real estate (additional income or an additional increase in the value of real estate both in the short and long term), the receipt of which would be impossible without the participation of a realtor (real estate agent) and the use of special professional tools and skills. At the same time, the effectiveness of the realtor (real estate agent) is estimated by the value of the benefit received by the client, and his remuneration is only part of it.\r\nLegal services - the services of a lawyer and attorney in many cases are vital, therefore, the choice of performers for their provision should be with particular seriousness and responsibility. The main areas of lawyer and advocate services:\r\n<ul><li>Comprehensive legal services for organizations of various forms of ownership;</li><li>Arbitration - representing the interests of organizations in arbitration courts;</li><li>Representation of interests of companies in courts of various instances;</li><li>Professional legal support of transactions and contracts of organizations;</li><li>Services to legal entities related to bankruptcy of enterprises;</li><li>Services of professional lawyers in returning and collecting debts;</li><li>Representation of interests of organizations in the event of tax disputes;</li><li>Processes related to registration of the inheritance;</li><li>Services of a professional lawyer in the event of a traffic accident (Legal assistance in road accidents);</li><li>Services of a lawyer and advocate in the event of housing disputes;</li><li>Family lawyer services;</li><li>Providing the services of a lawyer and criminal lawyer;</li><li>Ensuring consumer protection.</li></ul>\r\nAccounting services are necessary for both newly opened companies and existing structures that need to establish an accounting service or monitor the work of a full-time accountant. Accounting services are also relevant in the case of business expansion, as new employees appear in the company, salaries are revised, and associated costs arise. Professional accounting services are the foundation of successful business activities, ensuring the prosperity of the business due to the precise control of all financial resources of the company.\r\nPsychological assistance services.\r\nIT-services (IT-services, IT-services; including IT-consulting) - services related to assisting in the development of computer literacy of users, training them in new software products. The list of services also includes services for installation, updating and maintenance of software products and computer equipment.\r\nInformation Services.\r\nand etc.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Services.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":6920,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/ecommerce-mlm-software-leadmlmsoftware.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Lead MLM Software","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"lead-mlm-software","companyTitle":"lead mlm software","companyTypes":["supplier"],"companyId":10643,"companyAlias":"lead-mlm-software","description":null,"shortDescription":"Lead MLM is a team of very expertise, young and energetic professionals who worked in different MLM business software companies. Now, they have grouped under Lead MLM – The Ultimate Software Provider.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":0,"sellingCount":0,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Lead MLM Software","keywords":"","description":"","og:title":"Lead MLM Software","og:description":"","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/ecommerce-mlm-software-leadmlmsoftware.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":6920,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":6928,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/EBM_MLM_Software.jpg","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Binary MLM Software - EBM MLM Software","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"binary-mlm-software-ebm-mlm-software","companyTitle":"EBM MLM Software","companyTypes":["supplier"],"companyId":10690,"companyAlias":"ebm-mlm-software","description":"<p>EBM MLM Software is advanced and future-ready Network marketing Software for Direct Selling, Multi-Level, Party Plan, Affiliate, Influencer, Referral Marketing, and more! Tailored for complex compensation plans like Binary, Unilevel, Matrix, and more. Integrated with popular shopping carts like Shopify, and WooCommerce, and services like Stripe, PayPal, and more. Sign up for the partnership for growth.</p>","shortDescription":null,"type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":0,"sellingCount":0,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Binary MLM Software - EBM MLM Software","keywords":"","description":"<p>EBM MLM Software is advanced and future-ready Network marketing Software for Direct Selling, Multi-Level, Party Plan, Affiliate, Influencer, Referral Marketing, and more! Tailored for complex compensation plans like Binary, Unilevel, Matrix, and more. Integ","og:title":"Binary MLM Software - EBM MLM Software","og:description":"<p>EBM MLM Software is advanced and future-ready Network marketing Software for Direct Selling, Multi-Level, Party Plan, Affiliate, Influencer, Referral Marketing, and more! Tailored for complex compensation plans like Binary, Unilevel, Matrix, and more. Integ","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/EBM_MLM_Software.jpg"},"eventUrl":"https://ebmsys.com/signup/","translationId":6928,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":5660,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Sogeti.jpg","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Sogeti Industrial & IOT Cybersecurity","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"sogeti-industrial-iot-cybersecurity","companyTitle":"Sogeti","companyTypes":["vendor"],"companyId":8590,"companyAlias":"sogeti","description":"<p class=\"align-center\"><b>Industrial & IOT Cybersecurity – Be Prepared </b></p>\r\nWe all know cyber-attacks have severe consequences. But did you know that industrial systems attacks can potentially impact people’s safety? Connected objects within your systems, from sensors to connected vehicles, can be targeted by cyber criminals. Our Industrial & IOT Cybersecurity service offers a way for you to have heightened governance, protection and supervision mechanisms over your industrial infrastructure. We have one of Europe’s biggest teams of cybersecurity experts specialized in industrial systems and offer a range of specialised services such as Digital Manufacturing, Industrial System Security Assessments, Industrial Control Systems (ICS), Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), and embedded systems.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><b>Safeguard your Systems, Networks and Connected Devices </b></p>\r\nWith the industrial world moving more and more towards interconnecting business management systems and the Internet of Things (IoT), making sure you safeguard your systems, networks and connected devices is more important than ever to ensure you stay protected in the connected age. \r\n<b>A trusted leader in device management </b>\r\nOur cybersecurity Device Management Service provides organizations with a comprehensive solution that includes design, implementation, and end-to-end security operations and monitoring support. \r\n<b>Think Globally </b>\r\nSogeti is part of Capgemini, that means we have access to a global team of consultants and we’re using our knowledge from hundreds of implementations for your local challenges and opportunities. \r\n<b>Compliance First </b>\r\nMake your business compliant. We can provide SME’s, consultants and architects to help conduct a thorough risk analysis and implement security architecture. Our endpoint solutions are also part of the required setup for compliance with many regulations. ","shortDescription":"Our Device Management Service optimizes performance, reliability and security effectiveness by configuring, tuning, updating and monitoring your deployed devices 24/7","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":11,"sellingCount":18,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Sogeti Industrial & IOT Cybersecurity","keywords":"","description":"<p class=\"align-center\"><b>Industrial & IOT Cybersecurity – Be Prepared </b></p>\r\nWe all know cyber-attacks have severe consequences. But did you know that industrial systems attacks can potentially impact people’s safety? Connected objects within your systems","og:title":"Sogeti Industrial & IOT Cybersecurity","og:description":"<p class=\"align-center\"><b>Industrial & IOT Cybersecurity – Be Prepared </b></p>\r\nWe all know cyber-attacks have severe consequences. But did you know that industrial systems attacks can potentially impact people’s safety? Connected objects within your systems","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Sogeti.jpg"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":5659,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":538,"title":"Services","alias":"services","description":" Service - any activity or work that one party can offer the other, characterized by the absence of the proposed material tangibility of such activities and not expressed in possession of something.\r\nA service from the point of view of marketing is a sale object in the form of an artist’s action, bringing benefits to the consumer or a useful result. In the process of providing services, a new, previously non-existent material product is not created, but the quality of an existing, created product changes. These are goods provided not in the form of commodities or exchange, but in the form of activities. The very provision of services creates the desired result for the consumer.\r\nServices have four main characteristics that significantly affect the development of marketing programs:\r\n<ul><li>intangibility - it is impossible to demonstrate, see, try, transport, store, pack or study. All this is possible only in relation to the final result (it was - it became);</li><li>inseparability - a service can be provided only when an order arrives or a client appears, i.e. services are provided and consumed simultaneously;</li><li>variability (non-standardization) - customers are direct participants in the service process and affect its final result;</li><li>impossibility of storage - unlike tangible goods, they cannot be made for future use.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of services?</span>\r\nThe provision (provision) of services may include, for example, the following:\r\n<ul><li>activities carried out on material products supplied by the consumer (for example, repair of a faulty car);</li><li>activities carried out on intangible products supplied by the consumer (for example, preparing a statement of income required to determine the amount of tax);</li><li>the provision of intangible products (for example, information in the sense of knowledge transfer);</li><li>creating favorable conditions for consumers (for example, in hotels and restaurants).</li></ul>\r\nThe services provided to the population, by appointment, are divided into material and socio-cultural:\r\n<ul><li>Material service - a service to satisfy the material and domestic needs of a consumer of services. It provides restoration (change, preservation) of consumer properties of products or the manufacture of new products by orders of citizens, as well as the movement of goods and people, the creation of conditions for consumption. In particular, material services may include household services related to the repair and manufacture of products, housing and communal services, catering services, transportation services, etc.</li><li>Socio-cultural service (intangible service) - a service to satisfy spiritual, intellectual needs and the maintenance of normal consumer life. Provides maintenance and restoration of health, spiritual and physical development of the individual, increasing professional skills. Social and cultural services cannot include medical care and compulsory educational process.</li></ul>\r\nServices can be: private or commercial, voluntary or forced, paid or free, instant or long-term, mutual and anonymous, public, etc.\r\nThe generalizing category, which includes all types of commercial and non-commercial services and is part of the economy, is the service sector.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Service Examples</span>\r\nRealtor services - services of a realtor, real estate agent, aimed at satisfying the needs of the client when performing operations to manage real estate, as well as creating additional benefits for the client when carrying out operations with real estate (additional income or an additional increase in the value of real estate both in the short and long term), the receipt of which would be impossible without the participation of a realtor (real estate agent) and the use of special professional tools and skills. At the same time, the effectiveness of the realtor (real estate agent) is estimated by the value of the benefit received by the client, and his remuneration is only part of it.\r\nLegal services - the services of a lawyer and attorney in many cases are vital, therefore, the choice of performers for their provision should be with particular seriousness and responsibility. The main areas of lawyer and advocate services:\r\n<ul><li>Comprehensive legal services for organizations of various forms of ownership;</li><li>Arbitration - representing the interests of organizations in arbitration courts;</li><li>Representation of interests of companies in courts of various instances;</li><li>Professional legal support of transactions and contracts of organizations;</li><li>Services to legal entities related to bankruptcy of enterprises;</li><li>Services of professional lawyers in returning and collecting debts;</li><li>Representation of interests of organizations in the event of tax disputes;</li><li>Processes related to registration of the inheritance;</li><li>Services of a professional lawyer in the event of a traffic accident (Legal assistance in road accidents);</li><li>Services of a lawyer and advocate in the event of housing disputes;</li><li>Family lawyer services;</li><li>Providing the services of a lawyer and criminal lawyer;</li><li>Ensuring consumer protection.</li></ul>\r\nAccounting services are necessary for both newly opened companies and existing structures that need to establish an accounting service or monitor the work of a full-time accountant. Accounting services are also relevant in the case of business expansion, as new employees appear in the company, salaries are revised, and associated costs arise. Professional accounting services are the foundation of successful business activities, ensuring the prosperity of the business due to the precise control of all financial resources of the company.\r\nPsychological assistance services.\r\nIT-services (IT-services, IT-services; including IT-consulting) - services related to assisting in the development of computer literacy of users, training them in new software products. The list of services also includes services for installation, updating and maintenance of software products and computer equipment.\r\nInformation Services.\r\nand etc.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Services.png"},{"id":840,"title":"ICS/SCADA Cyber Security","alias":"icsscada-cyber-security","description":"SCADA security is the practice of protecting supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) networks, a common framework of control systems used in industrial operations. These networks are responsible for providing automated control and remote human management of essential commodities and services such as water, natural gas, electricity and transportation to millions of people. They can also be used to improve the efficiencies and quality in other less essential (but some would say very important!) real-world processes such as snowmaking for ski resorts and beer brewing. SCADA is one of the most common types of industrial control systems (ICS).\r\nThese networks, just like any other network, are under threat from cyber-attacks that could bring down any part of the nation's critical infrastructure quickly and with dire consequences if the right security is not in place. Capital expenditure is another key concern; SCADA systems can cost an organization from tens of thousands to millions of dollars. For these reasons, it is essential that organizations implement robust SCADA security measures to protect their infrastructure and the millions of people that would be affected by the disruption caused by an external attack or internal error.\r\nSCADA security has evolved dramatically in recent years. Before computers, the only way to monitor a SCADA network was to deploy several people to each station to report back on the state of each system. In busier stations, technicians were stationed permanently to manually operate the network and communicate over telephone wires.\r\nIt wasn't until the introduction of the local area network (LAN) and improvements in system miniaturization that we started to see advances in SCADA development such as the distributed SCADA network. Next came networked systems that were able to communicate over a wide area network (WAN) and connect many more components together.\r\nFrom local companies to federal governments, every business or organization that works with SCADA systems are vulnerable to SCADA security threats. These threats can have wide-reaching effects on both the economy and the community. Specific threats to SCADA networks include the following:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Hackers.</span> Individuals or groups with malicious intent could bring a SCADA network to its knees. By gaining access to key SCADA components, hackers could unleash chaos on an organization that can range from a disruption in services to cyber warfare.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Malware.</span> Malware, including viruses, spyware and ransomware can pose a risk to SCADA systems. While malware may not be able to specifically target the network itself, it can still pose a threat to the key infrastructure that helps to manage the SCADA network. This includes mobile SCADA applications that are used to monitor and manage SCADA systems.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Terrorists.</span> Where hackers are usually motivated by sordid gain, terrorists are driven by the desire to cause as much mayhem and damage as possible.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Employees.</span> Insider threats can be just as damaging as external threats. From human error to a disgruntled employee or contractor, it is essential that SCADA security addresses these risks.\r\nManaging today's SCADA networks can be a challenge without the right security precautions in place. Many networks are still without the necessary detection and monitoring systems and this leaves them vulnerable to attack. Because SCADA network attacks exploit both cyber and physical vulnerabilities, it is critical to align cybersecurity measures accordingly.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is the difference between ICS/SCADA cybersecurity and information security?</span>\r\nAutomated process control systems (SCADA) have a lot of differences from “traditional” corporate information systems: from the destination, specific data transfer protocols and equipment used and ending with the environment in which they operate. In corporate networks and systems, as a rule, the main protected resource is information that is processed, transmitted and stored in automated systems, and the main goal is to ensure its confidentiality. In ICS, the protected resource, first of all, is the technological process itself, and the main goal is to ensure its continuity (accessibility of all nodes) and integrity (including information transmitted between the nodes of the ICS). Moreover, the field of potential risks and threats to ICS, in comparison with corporate systems, expands with risks of potential damage to life and health of personnel and the public, damage to the environment and infrastructure. That is why it is incorrect to talk about “information security” in relation to ICS/SCADA. In English sources, the term “cybersecurity” is used for this, a direct translation of which (cybersecurity) is increasingly found in our market in relation to the protection of process control systems.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Is it really necessary?</span>\r\nIt is necessary. There are a number of myths about process control systems, for example: “process control systems are completely isolated from the outside world”, “process control systems are too specific for someone to crack”, “process control systems are reliably protected by the developer”, or even “No one will ever try us, hacking us is not interesting. ” All this is no longer true. Many modern distributed process control systems have one or another connection with the corporate network, even if the system owners are unaware of this. Communication with the outside world greatly simplifies the task of the attacker, but does not remain the only possible option. Automated process control software and data transfer protocols are, as a rule, very, very insecure against cyber threats. This is evidenced by numerous articles and reports of experts involved in the study of the protection of industrial control systems and penetration tests. The PHDays III section on hacking automated process control systems impressed even ardent skeptics. Well, and, of course, the argument “they have NOT attacked us, therefore they will not” - can hardly be considered seriously. Everyone has heard about Stuxnet, which dispelled almost all the myths about the safety of ICS at once.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Who needs this?</span>\r\nWith the phrase ICS/SCADA, most imagine huge plants, automated CNC machines or something similar. However, the application of process control systems is not limited to these objects - in the modern age of automation, process control systems are used everywhere: from large production facilities, the oil and gas industry, transport management to smart home systems. And, by the way, with the protection of the latter, as a rule, everything can be much worse, because the developer silently and imperceptibly shifts responsibility to the shoulders of the user.\r\nOf course, some of the objects with automated process control systems are more interesting for attackers, others less. But, given the ever-growing number of vulnerabilities discovered and published in the ICS, the spread of &quot;exclusive&quot; (written for specific protocols and ICS software) malware, considering your system safe &quot;by default&quot; is unreasonable.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Are ICS and SCADA the same thing?</span>\r\nNo. SCADA systems (supervisory control and data acquisition, supervisory control and data collection) are part of the control system. Usually, a SCADA system means centralized control and management systems with the participation of a person as a whole system or a complex of industrial control systems. SCADA is the central link between people (human-machine interfaces) and PLC levels (programmable logic controller) or RTU (remote terminal unit).\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is ICS/SCADA cybersecurity?</span>\r\nIn fact, ICS cybersecurity is a process similar to “information security” in a number of properties, but very different in details. And the devil, as you know, lies in them. ICS/SCADA also has similar information security-related processes: asset inventory, risk analysis and assessment, threat analysis, security management, change management, incident response, continuity, etc. But these processes themselves are different.<br />The cyber security of ICSs has the same basic target qualities - confidentiality, integrity and accessibility, but the significance and point of application for them are completely different. It should be remembered that in ICS/SCADA we, first of all, protect the technological process. Beyond this - from the risks of damage to human health and life and the environment.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_SCADA_Cyber_Security.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":3627,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/filenet_logo-1-1.jpg","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"ECM: IBM FileNet P8","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"ecm-ibm-filenet-p8","companyTitle":"LITIKO LLC","companyTypes":["supplier"],"companyId":5743,"companyAlias":"tov-litiko","description":"<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">Решения класса ECM, разработанное на мощной технологичной платформе корпорации IBM &mdash; FileNet P8, которая занимает 20% рынка ECM систем в мире (согласно исследованиям&nbsp; Gartner).</p>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">FileNet P8 представляет собой программную платформу и готовый инструментарий для создания и развертывания систем управления неструктурированной информацией и интеграции приложений. FileNet P8 является всемирно признанной платформой для создания СЭД и ECM систем. С ее помощью можно создавать решения для автоматизации документооборота, управления данными, при этом система может обеспечить одновременную работу сразу нескольких тысяч пользователей.</p>\r\n<ul style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 23px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; line-height: 26px; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">увеличения производительности и эффективности бизнеса Заказчика за счет внедрения передовых ECM и BPM технологий.</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">проектирования, разработки и внедрения ECM и BPM решений; проекты выполняются быстро, с высоким качеством и отличной функциональностью.</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">интеграции ECM систем с ERP и учетными системами, работающими у заказчика.</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">сопровождения, поддержки и модернизации внедренных ECM приложений заказчика.</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">миграции на новые версии ECM платформ, тиражирования&nbsp; и переноса решений на другие площадки заказчика.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<h5 style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #353535; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1em; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; font-weight: bold;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" />Электронный архив на базе IBM FileNet P8</span></h5>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">Целью создания данного решения является создание единого электронного хранилища документов предприятия.</p>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; font-weight: bold;\"><em style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Решаемые задачи:</em></span></p>\r\n<ul style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 23px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; line-height: 26px; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">предоставление централизованного архива клиентских досье, позволяющего хранить в структурированном виде неограниченное количество типов документов</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">интеграция с системой поточного сканирования</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">интеграция с АБС</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">структуризация архива в разрезе сделок и досье клиента</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">структуризация досье по типам документов</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">контроль целостности пакета документов</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">мониторинг срока действия документов</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">возможность определения прав и ролей пользователей на работу с объектами</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">определение связи документов разных клиентов</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">возможность сбора статистики по документам, поступившим со станции сканирования</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">возможность отправки e-mail уведомлений</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<h5 style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #353535; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1em; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; font-weight: bold;\">Архитектура Системы</span></h5>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\"><a style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #0053a5; text-decoration-line: none;\" href=\"http://litiko.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/0000.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9496\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block;\" src=\"http://litiko.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/0000.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1060px) 100vw, 1060px\" srcset=\"http://litiko.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/1/2017/08/0000.jpg 1060w, http://litiko.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/1/2017/08/0000-380x177.jpg 380w, http://litiko.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/1/2017/08/0000-580x270.jpg 580w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1060\" height=\"493\" /></a></p>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\"><em style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; font-weight: bold;\">Выгоды от использования:</span></em></p>\r\n<ul style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 23px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; line-height: 26px; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">снижение издержек за счёт перехода на безбумажную работу</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">быстрый доступ к документам из любого офиса</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">сокращение времени, связанного с обработкой документов</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">снижение нагрузки на клиентов, повышение их лояльности</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<h5 style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #353535; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1em; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; font-weight: bold;\">Система электронного документооборота на базе IBM FileNet P8</span></h5>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">Автоматизация процесса обработки всех типов входящей и исходящей документации.</p>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\"><em style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; font-weight: bold;\">Основные функциональные возможности:</span></em></p>\r\n<ul style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 23px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; line-height: 26px; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">автоматическое определение маршрута обработки задач в зависимости от типа документа</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">параллельное и последовательное согласование документов</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">возможность формирования связанных поручений по входящим документам и контроля их исполнения</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\"><em style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; font-weight: bold;\">Выгоды от использования:</span></em></p>\r\n<ul style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 23px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; line-height: 26px; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">сведение к минимуму утери документов</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">отсутствие нарушений исполнительской дисциплины</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">контроль над соблюдением регламентов и процедур по обработке документов</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\"><em style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; font-weight: bold;\">Другие решения:</span></em></p>\r\n<ul style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 23px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; line-height: 26px; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Система поддержки проведения коммерческой активности</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Система кредитования</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Система управления организационно-распорядительской документацией</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Валютный контроль</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Система управления проектной документацией</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Система управления технологическими присоединениями</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Согласование финансовых документов</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Согласование командировочных документов</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Согласование универсальных документов</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Система претензионной работы по возмещению ущерба</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Обработка поручений</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Система поддержки договорных кампаний. Процесс согласования коммерческих условий и договоров</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Внутренний и внешний аудит точек продаж</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Внутренний аудит центров обслуживания</li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%;\">Система Retail (оперативный сбор и верификация отчетности из удаленных торговых точек в централизованный архив, хранения и поиска отчетов)</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; vertical-align: baseline; text-size-adjust: 100%; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, sans-serif;\">Наши решения максимально удовлетворяют требованиям компаний, поскольку при разработке каждого из них учитывались предложения, замечания и пожелания наших заказчиков.</p>","shortDescription":"FileNet P8 представляет собой программную платформу и готовый инструментарий для создания и развертывания систем управления неструктурированной информацией и интеграции приложений.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":7,"sellingCount":7,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"ECM: IBM FileNet P8","keywords":"","description":"<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: in","og:title":"ECM: IBM FileNet P8","og:description":"<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1em; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background-image: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: in","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/filenet_logo-1-1.jpg"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":7244,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":3392,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/vmware_evorail.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"VMware EVO:RAIL","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":97,"alias":"vmware-evorail","companyTitle":"VMware","companyTypes":["vendor"],"companyId":168,"companyAlias":"vmware","description":"EVO:RAIL enables power-on to Virtual Machine creation in minutes, radically easy VM deployment, easy non-disruptive patch and upgrades and simplified management.\r\nEVO:RAIL is a scalable Software-Defined Data Center (SDDC) building block that delivers compute, networking, storage, and management to empower private and hybrid cloud, end-user computing, test/dev, and branch office environments.\r\nBuilding on the proven technology of VMware vSphere,&nbsp; vCenter Server, and VMware Virtual SAN, EVO:RAIL&nbsp; delivers the first hyper-converged infrastructure appliance&nbsp; 100 percent powered by VMware software.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">EVO:RAIL Software Bundle:</span>\r\n<ul><li>EVO:RAIL rapid deployment, configuration and management engine;</li><li>Compute, network and storage virtualization enabled with vSphere and Virtual SAN.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">2U 4-node hardware platform optimized for EVO:RAIL:</span>\r\n<ul><li>Four independent nodes for compute, network and storage;</li><li>Each node has dual processors and 192GB memory;</li><li>Total of 16TB of SSD and HDD storage via Virtual SAN;</li><li>Phone and in-field hardware and software&nbsp; Support &amp; Services (SnS).</li></ul>\r\nEVO:RAIL is delivered as a complete appliance solution with hardware, software, and support through Qualified EVO:RAIL Partners; customers choose their preferred brand.","shortDescription":"VMware EVO:RAIL combines compute, networking, and storage resources into a hyper-converged infrastructure appliance to create a simple, easy to deploy.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":5,"sellingCount":15,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"VMware EVO:RAIL","keywords":"","description":"EVO:RAIL enables power-on to Virtual Machine creation in minutes, radically easy VM deployment, easy non-disruptive patch and upgrades and simplified management.\r\nEVO:RAIL is a scalable Software-Defined Data Center (SDDC) building block that delivers compute, ","og:title":"VMware EVO:RAIL","og:description":"EVO:RAIL enables power-on to Virtual Machine creation in minutes, radically easy VM deployment, easy non-disruptive patch and upgrades and simplified management.\r\nEVO:RAIL is a scalable Software-Defined Data Center (SDDC) building block that delivers compute, ","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/vmware_evorail.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":3393,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":509,"title":"Converged and Hyper Converged System","alias":"converged-and-hyper-converged-system","description":" Converged and hyper convergent infrastructures simplify support for virtual desktop infrastructure and desktop virtualization, as they are designed to be easy to install and perform complex tasks.\r\nConvergent infrastructure combines the four main components of a data center in one package: computing devices, storage devices, network devices, and server virtualization tools. Hyper-converged infrastructure allows for tighter integration of a larger number of components using software tools.\r\nIn both convergent and hyper-convergent infrastructure, all elements are compatible with each other. Thanks to this, you will be able to purchase the necessary storage devices and network devices for your company at a time, and they, as you know, are of great importance in the virtual desktops infrastructure. This allows you to simplify the process of deploying such an infrastructure - something that has been waiting for and what will be rejoiced by many companies that need to virtualize their desktop systems.\r\nDespite its value and innovation, there are several questions to these technologies regarding their intended use and differences. Let's try to figure out what functionality offers converged and hyper-convergent infrastructures and how they differ.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is converged infrastructure?</span>\r\nConvergent infrastructure combines computing devices, storage, network devices and server virtualization tools in one chassis so that they can be managed from one place. Management capabilities may include the management of virtual desktop infrastructure, depending on the selected configuration and manufacturer.\r\nThe hardware included in the bundled converged infrastructure is pre-configured to support any targets: virtual desktop infrastructures, databases, special applications, and so on. But in fact, you do not have enough freedom to change the selected configuration.\r\nRegardless of the method chosen for extending the virtual desktop infrastructure environment, you should understand that subsequent vertical scaling will be costly and time-consuming. Adding individual components is becoming complex and depriving you of the many benefits of a converged infrastructure. Adding workstations and expanding storage capacity in a corporate infrastructure can be just as expensive, which suggests the need for proper planning for any virtual desktop infrastructure deployment.\r\nOn the other hand, all components of a converged infrastructure can work for a long time. For example, a complete server of such infrastructure works well even without the rest of the infrastructure components.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is a hyper-convergent infrastructure?</span>\r\nThe hyper-converged infrastructure was built on the basis of converged infrastructure and the concept of a software-defined data center. It combines all the components of the usual data center in one system. All four key components of the converged infrastructure are in place, but sometimes it also includes additional components, such as backup software, snapshot capabilities, data deduplication functionality, intermediate compression, global network optimization (WAN), and much more. Convergent infrastructure relies primarily on hardware, and software-defined data center often adapts to any hardware. In the hyper-convergent infrastructure, these two possibilities are combined.\r\nHyper-converged infrastructure is supported by one supplier. It can be managed as a single system with a single set of tools. To expand the infrastructure, you just need to install blocks of necessary devices and resources (for example, storage) into the main system block. And this is done literally on the fly.\r\nSince the hyper-convergent infrastructure is software-defined (that is, the operation of the infrastructure is logically separated from the physical equipment), the mutual integration of components is denser than in a conventional converged infrastructure, and the components themselves must be nearby to work correctly. This makes it possible to use a hyper-convergent infrastructure to support even more workloads than in the case of conventional converged infrastructure. This is explained by the fact that it has the possibility of changing the principle of definition and adjustment at the program level. In addition, you can make it work with specialized applications and workloads, which pre-configured converged infrastructures do not allow.\r\nHyper-converged infrastructure is especially valuable for working with a virtual desktop infrastructure because it allows you to scale up quickly without additional costs. Often, in the case of the classic virtual desktops infrastructure, things are completely different - companies need to buy more resources before scaling or wait for virtual desktops to use the allocated space and network resources, and then, in fact, add new infrastructure.\r\nBoth scenarios require significant time and money. But, in the case of hyperconvergent infrastructure, if you need to expand the storage, you can simply install the required devices in the existing stack. Scaling can be done quickly — for the time required to deliver the equipment. In this case, you do not have to go through the full procedure of re-evaluation and reconfiguration of the corporate infrastructure.\r\nIn addition, when moving from physical PCs to virtual workstations, you will need devices to perform all the computational tasks that laptops and PCs typically perform. Hyper-converged infrastructure will greatly help with this, as it often comes bundled with a large amount of flash memory, which has a positive effect on the performance of virtual desktops. This increases the speed of I / O operations, smoothes work under high loads, and allows you to perform scanning for viruses and other types of monitoring in the background (without distracting users).\r\nThe flexibility of the hyper-converged infrastructure makes it more scalable and cost-effective compared to the convergent infrastructure since it has the ability to add computing and storage devices as needed. The cost of the initial investment for both infrastructures is high, but in the long term, the value of the investment should pay off.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Converged_and_Hyper_Converged_System.png"},{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":4421,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/250x250_3.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"PixelPlex Software Development","vendorVerified":1,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"pixelplex-software-development","companyTitle":"PixelPlex","companyTypes":["vendor"],"companyId":6848,"companyAlias":"pixelplex","description":"<p style=\"margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; color: #172b4d; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, 'Fira Sans', 'Droid Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">Founded in 2007, PixelPlex has delivered over 300 projects in Blockchain, AR/VR, Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, Mobile, Game and Custom Software Development. We can solve virtually any business problems by building robust, intuitive, and secure digital products.</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; color: #172b4d; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, 'Fira Sans', 'Droid Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">PixelPlex serves clients of all sizes, starting from small businesses and startups to governmental institutions and Fortune 500 companies. We design, craft and deliver groundbreaking custom platforms and applications.</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; color: #172b4d; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, 'Fira Sans', 'Droid Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">&nbsp;</p>","shortDescription":"PixelPlex is an award-winning custom software development company with a proven track record, a mix of broad technology expertise, innovative business culture and over 100 talented developers. \r\n","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":19,"sellingCount":1,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"PixelPlex Software Development","keywords":"","description":"<p style=\"margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; color: #172b4d; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, 'Fira Sans', 'Droid Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">Founded in 2007, PixelPlex has delivered over 300 projec","og:title":"PixelPlex Software Development","og:description":"<p style=\"margin: 10px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; color: #172b4d; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, 'Fira Sans', 'Droid Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">Founded in 2007, PixelPlex has delivered over 300 projec","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/250x250_3.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":4421,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":4955,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/TA_Logo.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"TestArchitect","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"testarchitect","companyTitle":"LogiGear","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":7494,"companyAlias":"logigear","description":"<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">More than a decade ago, TestArchitect was created with the test developer in mind. From the beginning to its current state, TestArchitect has evolved into a comprehensive tool it is today. Various other tools focus on test automation as a programming task, paying less attention to the role that testers play in building up effective, efficient and maintainable automated tests.</p>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">TestArchitect is designed to simplify your Automation; </span></p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">Codeless Automation</span></li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">Tool Integrations for CI/CD/DevOps Testing</span></li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">Automation Analytics</span></li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">Web Testing</span></li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">Web Service &amp; API Testing</span></li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">Desktop App Testing</span></li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">Database Testing</span></li>\r\n<li style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px;\"><span style=\"color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">Image-Based Testing</span></li>\r\n</ul>","shortDescription":"TestArchitect software's automation analytics helps you keep track of all your automated tests for desktop, web and mobile applications.\r\n","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":16,"sellingCount":16,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"TestArchitect","keywords":"","description":"<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">More than a decade ago, TestArchitect was created with the test developer in mind. From the beginning to its current state, TestAr","og:title":"TestArchitect","og:description":"<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 15px; color: #676666; font-family: poppinslight, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">More than a decade ago, TestArchitect was created with the test developer in mind. From the beginning to its current state, TestAr","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/TA_Logo.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":4955,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":265,"title":"Application Software","alias":"application-software","description":"Application software (app for short) is software designed to perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities for the benefit of the user. Examples of an application include a word processor, a spreadsheet, an accounting application, a web browser, an email client,a media player, a file viewer, an aeronautical flight simulator, a console game or a photo editor. The collective noun application software refers to all applications collectively. This contrasts with system software, which is mainly involved with running the computer.\r\nApplications may be bundled with the computer and its system software or published separately, and may be coded as proprietary, open-source or university projects. Apps built for mobile platforms are called mobile apps.\r\nIn information technology, an application (app), application program or software application is a computer program designed to help people perform an activity. An application thus differs from an operating system (which runs a computer), a utility (which performs maintenance or general-purpose chores), and a programming tool (with which computer programs are created). Depending on the activity for which it was designed, an application can manipulate text, numbers, audio, graphics, or a combination of these elements. Some application packages focus on a single task, such as word processing; others, called integrated software include several applications.\r\nUser-written software tailors systems to meet the user's specific needs. User-written software includes spreadsheet templates, word processor macros, scientific simulations, audio, graphics and animation scripts. Even email filters are a kind of user software. Users create this software themselves and often overlook how important it is.\r\nThe delineation between system software such as operating systems and application software is not exact, however, and is occasionally the object of controversy. For example, one of the key questions in the United States v. Microsoft Corp. antitrust trial was whether Microsoft's Internet Explorer web browser was part of its Windows operating system or a separable piece of application software. As another example, the GNU/Linux naming controversy is, in part, due to disagreement about the relationship between the Linux kernel and the operating systems built over this kernel. In some types of embedded systems, the application software and the operating system software may be indistinguishable to the user, as in the case of software used to control a VCR, DVD player or microwave oven. The above definitions may exclude some applications that may exist on some computers in large organizations.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the benefits of application software?</span>\r\n<ol><li>Give your representatives a chance to work from anyplace - when you utilize an online model, your laborers can sign on from anyplace on the planet and get the information they have to carry out their occupations.</li><li>No compelling reason to download and introduce any projects – when you introduce programming on a PC there is dependably the danger of inconsistency and harm to the framework. With electronic &amp; web site design services with programming, there are no such dangers, since you never really need to download and introduce anything on your neighborhood PC.</li><li>Utilizations a compensation as you go show – odds are your organization has bunches of programming applications it scarcely utilizes, however despite everything you need to pay for those projects. With electronic applications, you can utilize compensation as you go demonstrate and simply pay for the product you really utilize. What's more, obviously there is a lot of free yet proficient programming accessible too.</li><li>There is nothing to possess and keep up – when you purchase programming, you likewise need to purchase costly upkeep and bolster bundle, yet with programming as an administration, or SaaS, there are no such costs. There is nothing to possess, and you essentially utilize the program as you see fit.</li><li>Adaptability is the capacity to scale up rapidly is fundamental for little new companies. In the event that you arrive a lucrative new contract, you should have the capacity to scale your activities up rapidly to deal with the additional work and scale things down similarly as fast when the task has finished. Electronic programming gives you a chance to do only that.</li></ol>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Application_Software.png"},{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":3427,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/achelos_iot.jpg","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"achelos IoT","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"achelos-iot","companyTitle":"achelos","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":5165,"companyAlias":"achelos","description":"The Internet of Things is transforming how the world works, affecting markets and industries on a global scale. It represents the convergence of the virtual and the physical worlds by providing the interconnection between distributed device networks and data-oriented applications.\r\nThese large, comprehensive and connected networks remain susceptible to security challenges. Any risk at a single point can endanger the entire system and lead to non-compliance and threats to data security, system integrity and service availability.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">IoT architecture</span>\r\nExisting and emerging IoT concepts may differ in their approach, but they all share three basic domains: the devices, the network and the platform with related applications. Security of these domains should not be considered an afterthought. Using high-level cryptography it should be designed from the beginning as a fundamental element across any IoT deployment.\r\nAt achelos IoT we understand that a secure system is the sum of many parts. Our solutions focus on three specific areas: compliance and robustness of communication channels, secure management of connectivity credentials and embedded high-security operating systems and applications.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Secure connectivity management</span></span>\r\nachelos IoT offers network operators, OEMs and large IoT service providers a GSMA-compliant, integrated solution for secure remote provisioning of mobile subscriptions for network authentication.\r\nThe platform enables management of embedded SIMs (eSIM) and can similarly be used to manage traditional SIM cards, supported by purpose-built on-card applications. We can easily enable any customer interested in trying out the eSIM technology with an out-of-the-box deployment in AWS (Amazon Web Service).\r\nOur modular connectivity management components and their interoperability ensure that network growth, scalability and future releases and technology standards can easily be accommodated; from GSM, UMTS and LTE to 5G.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Protocol compliance &amp; robustness</span></span>\r\nThe Internet of Things is based on many new software developments. This requires security by design approach and a holistic view on security to support the authentication, authorization and privacy of data. Hence the data has to be protected along the whole value chain of IoT business models.\r\nTLS and IKE/IPsec are de-facto standards for secure networks with the aim of protecting data. Robust implementation and correct use of libraries are a major challenge with the variety of options being so extensive that loopholes for attackers easily arise during integration and later configuration.\r\nachelos IoT provides powerful test tools to find gaps and errors, safeguarding that network connections are secure according to well-established standards for different industries such as health, transportation and energy.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Security consulting and services</span></span>\r\nachelos supports customers to assess and to improve the security of their overall IoT system. The Service is based on the GSMA IoT Security Guidelines (CLP.12 for IoT Service Ecosystems and CLP.13 for IoT Endpoint Ecosystems) and the GSMA IoT Security Assessment Checklist (CLP.17).\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Embedded development</span></span>\r\nAt achelos IoT, we have developed a number of high security operating systems for the international market, using a variety of system architectures, IC’s and cryptographic libraries for both contact-based and contactless products.\r\nWe provide various embedded simulations and test products to ensure that the quality requirements of our clients are fulfilled to the highest standard by executing module, integration and system testing.\r\nBased on our profound OS expertise, we are also a trusted partner when it comes to the development of applications for embedded systems covering a diverse set of market segments.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">IoT stakeholders</span>\r\nSecurity of the IoT ecosystem relies upon the collaboration of a number of stakeholders throughout the lifecycle of all IoT assets: from planning and conception to design and development, and from testing through to operation and maintenance.\r\nThe role of achelos IoT in this landscape is to provide the expertise to ensure the security of interrelated system elements. By establishing synergies from different stakeholders and value-adding partners, we work towards strengthening the end-to-end security of our clients’ IoT deployments.","shortDescription":"achelos IoT provides eSIM management software compliant with GSMA specifications for M2M/IoT and Consumer.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":0,"sellingCount":0,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"achelos IoT","keywords":"","description":"The Internet of Things is transforming how the world works, affecting markets and industries on a global scale. It represents the convergence of the virtual and the physical worlds by providing the interconnection between distributed device networks and data-o","og:title":"achelos IoT","og:description":"The Internet of Things is transforming how the world works, affecting markets and industries on a global scale. It represents the convergence of the virtual and the physical worlds by providing the interconnection between distributed device networks and data-o","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/achelos_iot.jpg"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":3427,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":538,"title":"Services","alias":"services","description":" Service - any activity or work that one party can offer the other, characterized by the absence of the proposed material tangibility of such activities and not expressed in possession of something.\r\nA service from the point of view of marketing is a sale object in the form of an artist’s action, bringing benefits to the consumer or a useful result. In the process of providing services, a new, previously non-existent material product is not created, but the quality of an existing, created product changes. These are goods provided not in the form of commodities or exchange, but in the form of activities. The very provision of services creates the desired result for the consumer.\r\nServices have four main characteristics that significantly affect the development of marketing programs:\r\n<ul><li>intangibility - it is impossible to demonstrate, see, try, transport, store, pack or study. All this is possible only in relation to the final result (it was - it became);</li><li>inseparability - a service can be provided only when an order arrives or a client appears, i.e. services are provided and consumed simultaneously;</li><li>variability (non-standardization) - customers are direct participants in the service process and affect its final result;</li><li>impossibility of storage - unlike tangible goods, they cannot be made for future use.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of services?</span>\r\nThe provision (provision) of services may include, for example, the following:\r\n<ul><li>activities carried out on material products supplied by the consumer (for example, repair of a faulty car);</li><li>activities carried out on intangible products supplied by the consumer (for example, preparing a statement of income required to determine the amount of tax);</li><li>the provision of intangible products (for example, information in the sense of knowledge transfer);</li><li>creating favorable conditions for consumers (for example, in hotels and restaurants).</li></ul>\r\nThe services provided to the population, by appointment, are divided into material and socio-cultural:\r\n<ul><li>Material service - a service to satisfy the material and domestic needs of a consumer of services. It provides restoration (change, preservation) of consumer properties of products or the manufacture of new products by orders of citizens, as well as the movement of goods and people, the creation of conditions for consumption. In particular, material services may include household services related to the repair and manufacture of products, housing and communal services, catering services, transportation services, etc.</li><li>Socio-cultural service (intangible service) - a service to satisfy spiritual, intellectual needs and the maintenance of normal consumer life. Provides maintenance and restoration of health, spiritual and physical development of the individual, increasing professional skills. Social and cultural services cannot include medical care and compulsory educational process.</li></ul>\r\nServices can be: private or commercial, voluntary or forced, paid or free, instant or long-term, mutual and anonymous, public, etc.\r\nThe generalizing category, which includes all types of commercial and non-commercial services and is part of the economy, is the service sector.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Service Examples</span>\r\nRealtor services - services of a realtor, real estate agent, aimed at satisfying the needs of the client when performing operations to manage real estate, as well as creating additional benefits for the client when carrying out operations with real estate (additional income or an additional increase in the value of real estate both in the short and long term), the receipt of which would be impossible without the participation of a realtor (real estate agent) and the use of special professional tools and skills. At the same time, the effectiveness of the realtor (real estate agent) is estimated by the value of the benefit received by the client, and his remuneration is only part of it.\r\nLegal services - the services of a lawyer and attorney in many cases are vital, therefore, the choice of performers for their provision should be with particular seriousness and responsibility. The main areas of lawyer and advocate services:\r\n<ul><li>Comprehensive legal services for organizations of various forms of ownership;</li><li>Arbitration - representing the interests of organizations in arbitration courts;</li><li>Representation of interests of companies in courts of various instances;</li><li>Professional legal support of transactions and contracts of organizations;</li><li>Services to legal entities related to bankruptcy of enterprises;</li><li>Services of professional lawyers in returning and collecting debts;</li><li>Representation of interests of organizations in the event of tax disputes;</li><li>Processes related to registration of the inheritance;</li><li>Services of a professional lawyer in the event of a traffic accident (Legal assistance in road accidents);</li><li>Services of a lawyer and advocate in the event of housing disputes;</li><li>Family lawyer services;</li><li>Providing the services of a lawyer and criminal lawyer;</li><li>Ensuring consumer protection.</li></ul>\r\nAccounting services are necessary for both newly opened companies and existing structures that need to establish an accounting service or monitor the work of a full-time accountant. Accounting services are also relevant in the case of business expansion, as new employees appear in the company, salaries are revised, and associated costs arise. Professional accounting services are the foundation of successful business activities, ensuring the prosperity of the business due to the precise control of all financial resources of the company.\r\nPsychological assistance services.\r\nIT-services (IT-services, IT-services; including IT-consulting) - services related to assisting in the development of computer literacy of users, training them in new software products. The list of services also includes services for installation, updating and maintenance of software products and computer equipment.\r\nInformation Services.\r\nand etc.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Services.png"},{"id":591,"title":"Software Development","alias":"software-development","description":" Software development is the process of conceiving, specifying, designing, programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing involved in creating and maintaining applications, frameworks, or other software components. Software development is a process of writing and maintaining the source code, but in a broader sense, it includes all that is involved between the conception of the desired software through to the final manifestation of the software, sometimes in a planned and structured process. Therefore, software development may include research, new development, prototyping, modification, reuse, re-engineering, maintenance, or any other activities that result in software products.\r\nSoftware can be developed for a variety of purposes, the three most common being to meet specific needs of a specific client/business (the case with custom software), to meet a perceived need of some set of potential users (the case with commercial and open-source software), or for personal use (e.g. a scientist may write software to automate a mundane task). Embedded software development, that is, the development of embedded software, such as used for controlling consumer products, requires the development process to be integrated with the development of the controlled physical product. System software underlies applications and the programming process itself and is often developed separately.\r\nThe need for better quality control of the software development process has given rise to the discipline of software engineering, which aims to apply the systematic approach exemplified in the engineering paradigm to the process of software development.\r\nThere are many approaches to software project management, known as software development life cycle models, methodologies, processes, or models. The waterfall model is a traditional version, contrasted with the more recent innovation of agile software development.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software development?</span>\r\nSoftware itself is the set of instructions or programs that tell a computer what to do. It is independent of hardware and makes computers programmable. There are three basic types:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">System software</span> to provide core functions such as operating systems, disk management, utilities, hardware management, and other operational necessities.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Programming software</span> to give programmers tools such as text editors, compilers, linkers, debuggers and other tools to create code.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Application software</span> (applications or apps) to help users perform tasks. Office productivity suites, data management software, media players and security programs are examples. Applications also refer to web and mobile applications like those used to shop on Amazon.com, socialize with Facebook or post pictures to Instagram.\r\nA possible fourth type is <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">embedded software.</span> Embedded systems software is used to control machines and devices not typically considered computers — telecommunications networks, cars, industrial robots and more. These devices, and their software, can be connected as part of the Internet of Things (IoT).\r\nSoftware development is primarily conducted by programmers, software engineers, and software developers. These roles interact and overlap, and the dynamics between them vary greatly across development departments and communities.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Programmers, or coders,</span> write source code to program computers for specific tasks like merging databases, processing online orders, routing communications, conducting searches or displaying text and graphics. Programmers typically interpret instructions from software developers and engineers and use programming languages like C++ or Java to carry them out.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Software engineers</span> apply engineering principles to build software and systems to solve problems. They use modeling language and other tools to devise solutions that can often be applied to problems in a general way, as opposed to merely solving for a specific instance or client. Software engineering solutions adhere to the scientific method and must work in the real world, as with bridges or elevators.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Software developers</span> have a less formal role than engineers and can be closely involved with specific project areas — including writing code. At the same time, they drive the overall software development lifecycle — including working across functional teams to transform requirements into features, managing development teams and processes, and conducting software testing and maintenance.\r\nThe work of software development isn’t confined to coders or development teams. Professionals such as scientists, device fabricators, and hardware makers also create software code even though they are not primarily software developers. Nor is it confined to traditional information technology industries such as software or semiconductor businesses. In fact, according to the Brookings Institute, those businesses “account for less than half of the companies performing software development.”\r\nAn important distinction is custom software development as opposed to commercial software development. Custom software development is the process of designing, creating, deploying and maintaining software for a specific set of users, functions or organizations. In contrast, commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS) is designed for a broad set of requirements, allowing it to be packaged and commercially marketed and distributed.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Steps in the software development process</span>\r\nDeveloping software typically involves the following steps:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Selecting a methodology</span> to establish a framework in which the steps of software development are applied. It describes an overall work process or roadmap for the project. Methodologies can include Agile development, DevOps, Rapid Application Development (RAD), Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe), Waterfall and others.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Gathering requirements</span> to understand and document what is required by users and other stakeholders.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Choosing or building architecture</span> as the underlying structure within which the software will operate.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Developing a design</span> around solutions to the problems presented by requirements, often involving process models and storyboards.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Constructing code</span> in the appropriate programming language. Involves peer and team review to eliminate problems early and produce quality software faster.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Testing</span> with pre-planned scenarios as part of software design and coding — and conducting performance testing to simulate load testing on the application.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Managing configuration and defects</span> to understand all the software artifacts (requirements, design, code, test) and build distinct versions of the software. Establish quality assurance priorities and release criteria to address and track defects.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Deploying</span> the software for use and responding to and resolving user problems.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Migrating data</span> to the new or updated software from existing applications or data sources if necessary.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Managing and measuring the project</span> to maintain quality and delivery over the application lifecycle, and to evaluate the development process with models such as the Capability Maturity Model (CMM).</li></ul>\r\nThe steps of the software development process fit into application lifecycle management.\r\n<ul><li>Requirements analysis and specification</li><li>Design and development</li><li>Testing</li><li>Deployment</li><li>Maintenance and support</li></ul>\r\nSoftware development process steps can be grouped into the phases of the lifecycle, but the importance of the lifecycle is that it recycles to enable continuous improvement. For example, user issues that surface in the maintenance and support phase can become requirements at the beginning of the next cycle.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is software development important?</span>\r\nSoftware development is important because it helps businesses differentiate themselves and be more competitive. It can improve customer experiences, bring more innovative, feature-rich products to market faster, and make operations more efficient, safe and productive.\r\nSoftware development is also important because it is pervasive.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software_Development.png"},{"id":718,"title":"IT Consulting","alias":"it-consulting","description":" In management, information technology consulting (also called IT consulting, computer consultancy, business and technology services, computing consultancy, technology consulting, and IT advisory) as a field of activity focuses on advising organizations on how best to use information technology (IT) in achieving their business objectives.\r\nThe IT consulting industry can be viewed as a Four-tier system:\r\n<ul><li>Professional services firms which maintain large professional workforces and command high bill rates.</li><li>Staffing firms, which place technologists with businesses on a temporary basis, typically in response to employee absences, temporary skill shortages and technical projects.</li><li>Independent consultants, who are self-employed or who function as employees of staffing firms (for US tax purposes, employed on Form W-2), or as independent contractors in their own right (for US tax purposes, on &quot;1099&quot;).</li><li>Information Technology security consultants</li></ul>\r\nThere are different reasons why consultants are called in:\r\n<ul><li>To gain external, objective advice and recommendations</li><li>To gain access to the consultants' specialized expertise</li><li>Temporary help during a one-time project where the hiring of a permanent employee(s) is not required or necessary</li><li>To outsource all or part of the IT services from a specific company.</li></ul>\r\nThere is a relatively unclear line between management consulting and IT consulting. There are sometimes overlaps between the two fields, but IT consultants often have degrees in computer science, electronics, technology, or management information systems while management consultants often have degrees in accounting, economics, Industrial Engineering, finance, or a generalized MBA (Masters in Business Administration).\r\nAccording to the Institute for Partner Education &amp; Development, IT consultants' revenues come predominantly from design and planning based consulting with a mixture of IT and business consulting. This is different from a systems integrator in that you do not normally take title to product. Their value comes from their ability to integrate and support technologies as well as determining product and brands. ","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Who is an information technology (IT) consultant?</span>\r\nAn information technology consultant is a third-party service provider who is qualified to advise clients on the best use of IT to meet specific business requirements. IT consultants may work with a professional IT consultancy firm or as independent contractors. They may conduct a business needs assessment and develop an information systems solution that meets the organization's objectives.\r\nSome information technology consultants emphasize technical issues while others help organizations use IT to manage business processes. Still others specialize in a specific IT area such as information security.\r\nIT consultants need a deep knowledge of both business and information technology. A bachelor's degree in management information systems, computer science, or information science is the typical path into a technical consultancy career. IT certifications supplement this foundation with specialized technical training. Information technology degree and certification programs are available online to accommodate working IT professionals.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are the prerequisites and major obstacles?</span>\r\nOnce a business owner defined the needs to take a business to the next level, a decision maker will define a scope, cost and a time-frame of the project. The role of the IT consultancy company is to support and nurture the company from the very beginning of the project until the end, and deliver the project not only in the scope, time and cost but also with complete customer satisfaction.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Project scoping and planning</span></span>\r\nThe usual problem is that a business owner doesn't know the detail of what the project is going to deliver until it starts the process. In many cases, the incremental effort in some projects can lead to significant financial loss.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Business process and system design</span></span>\r\nThe scope of a project is linked intimately to the proposed business processes and systems that the project is going to deliver. Regardless of whether the project is to launch a new product range or discontinue unprofitable parts of the business, the change will have some impact on business processes and systems. The documentation of your business processes and system requirements are as fundamental to project scoping as an architects plans would be to the costing and scoping of the construction of a building.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Project management support</span></span>\r\nThe most successful business projects are always those that are driven by an employee who has the authority, vision and influence to drive the required changes in a business. It is highly unlikely that a business owner (decision maker or similar) will realize the changes unless one has one of these people in the employment. However, the project leadership role typically requires significant experience and skills which are not usually found within a company focused on day-to-day operations. Due to this requirement within more significant business change projects/programs, outside expertise is often sought from firms which can bring this specific skill set to the company.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the skills of IT-consulting?</span>\r\nAn IT consultant needs to possess the following skills:\r\n<ul><li>Advisory skills</li><li>Technical skills</li><li>Business skills</li><li>Communication skills</li><li>Management skills</li><li>Advisory language skills</li><li>Business and management language skills</li><li>Technical language skills</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_IT_Consulting.png"},{"id":834,"title":"IoT - Internet of Things Security","alias":"iot-internet-of-things-security","description":" IoT security is the technology area concerned with safeguarding connected devices and networks in the internet of things (IoT).\r\nIoT involves adding internet connectivity to a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals and/or people. Each &quot;thing&quot; is provided a unique identifier and the ability to automatically transfer data over a network. Allowing devices to connect to the internet opens them up to a number of serious vulnerabilities if they are not properly protected.\r\nIoT security has become the subject of scrutiny after a number of high-profile incidents where a common IoT device was used to infiltrate and attack the larger network. Implementing security measures is critical to ensuring the safety of networks with IoT devices connected to them.\r\nIoT security hacks can happen in any industry, from smart home to a manufacturing plant to a connected car. The severity of impact depends greatly on the individual system, the data collected and/or the information it contains.\r\nAn attack disabling the brakes of a connected car, for example, or on a connected health device, such as an insulin pump hacked to administer too much medication to a patient, can be life-threatening. Likewise, an attack on a refrigeration system housing medicine that is monitored by an IoT system can ruin the viability of a medicine if temperatures fluctuate. Similarly, an attack on critical infrastructure -- an oil well, energy grid or water supply -- can be disastrous.\r\nSo, a robust IoT security portfolio must allow protecting devices from all types of vulnerabilities while deploying the security level that best matches application needs. Cryptography technologies are used to combat communication attacks. Security services are offered for protecting against lifecycle attacks. Isolation measures can be implemented to fend off software attacks. And, finally, IoT security should include tamper mitigation and side-channel attack mitigation technologies for fighting physical attacks of the chip.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the key requirements of IoT Security?</span>\r\nThe key requirements for any IoT security solution are:\r\n<ul><li>Device and data security, including authentication of devices and confidentiality and integrity of data</li><li>Implementing and running security operations at IoT scale</li><li>Meeting compliance requirements and requests</li><li>Meeting performance requirements as per the use case</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What do connected devices require to participate in the IoT Securely?</span>\r\nTo securely participate in the IoT, each connected device needs a unique identification – even before it has an IP address. This digital credential establishes the root of trust for the device’s entire lifecycle, from initial design to deployment to retirement.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is device authentication necessary for the IoT?</span>\r\nStrong IoT device authentication is required to ensure connected devices on the IoT can be trusted to be what they purport to be. Consequently, each IoT device needs a unique identity that can be authenticated when the device attempts to connect to a gateway or central server. With this unique ID in place, IT system administrators can track each device throughout its lifecycle, communicate securely with it, and prevent it from executing harmful processes. If a device exhibits unexpected behavior, administrators can simply revoke its privileges.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is secure manufacturing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nIoT devices produced through unsecured manufacturing processes provide criminals opportunities to change production runs to introduce unauthorized code or produce additional units that are subsequently sold on the black market.\r\nOne way to secure manufacturing processes is to use hardware security modules (HSMs) and supporting security software to inject cryptographic keys and digital certificates and to control the number of units built and the code incorporated into each.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is code signing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nTo protect businesses, brands, partners, and users from software that has been infected by malware, software developers have adopted code signing. In the IoT, code signing in the software release process ensures the integrity of IoT device software and firmware updates and defends against the risks associated with code tampering or code that deviates from organizational policies.\r\nIn public key cryptography, code signing is a specific use of certificate-based digital signatures that enables an organization to verify the identity of the software publisher and certify the software has not been changed since it was published.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is IoT PKI?</span>\r\nToday there are more things (devices) online than there are people on the planet! Devices are the number one users of the Internet and need digital identities for secure operation. As enterprises seek to transform their business models to stay competitive, rapid adoption of IoT technologies is creating increasing demand for Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) to provide digital certificates for the growing number of devices and the software and firmware they run.\r\nSafe IoT deployments require not only trusting the devices to be authentic and to be who they say they are, but also trusting that the data they collect is real and not altered. If one cannot trust the IoT devices and the data, there is no point in collecting, running analytics, and executing decisions based on the information collected.\r\nSecure adoption of IoT requires:\r\n<ul><li>Enabling mutual authentication between connected devices and applications</li><li>Maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of the data collected by devices</li><li>Ensuring the legitimacy and integrity of the software downloaded to devices</li><li>Preserving the privacy of sensitive data in light of stricter security regulations</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/iot.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":5736,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/DCU_2.0_-_2.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Data Capture Unit (DCU)","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":1,"alias":"data-capture-unit-dcu","companyTitle":"Siemens","companyTypes":["vendor"],"companyId":2795,"companyAlias":"siemens","description":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 42.55pt;\"><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Industrial data diode designed to deliver the highest level of security to OT networks like industrial control systems (ICS) and safety critical infrastructure via physical isolation when there&rsquo;s a need to connect them to a lower security network (IT Networks or Internet) for replication or analytics. </span></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 42.55pt;\"><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 42.55pt;\"><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The DCU is designed and manufactured in Germany, its chip design forces data to flow one-way only using a unique electromagnetic induction design, to collect data and guarantee that there&rsquo;s no physical path for remote access to the OT Network.</span></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 42.55pt;\"><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 42.55pt;\"><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The DCU has a software complement called, OWG (One-way gateway) software, its two agents, a OWG sender capable of data collection of several protocols (FTP, OPC UA, Syslog), filtering and aggregating data in the OT network (Edge) to then push it thru the DCU and a OWG receiver, which receives data from the DCU and can be configured to send it directly to the cloud (AWS or MindSphere) or to another computer in the IT network.</span></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 42.55pt;\"><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">&nbsp;</span></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 42.55pt;\"><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">The DCU and OWG are vendor neutral and support Windows or Linux systems.</span></p>","shortDescription":"The DCU enables secure data transfer to IT networks or cloud without compromising the security of OT networks like industrial control systems (ICS) and critical infrastructure.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":5,"sellingCount":5,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Data Capture Unit (DCU)","keywords":"","description":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 42.55pt;\"><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Industrial data diode designed to deliver the highest level of security to OT networks like industrial control systems (ICS) and safety critical infrastructure via physi","og:title":"Data Capture Unit (DCU)","og:description":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 42.55pt;\"><span style=\"mso-ansi-language: EN-US;\">Industrial data diode designed to deliver the highest level of security to OT networks like industrial control systems (ICS) and safety critical infrastructure via physi","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/DCU_2.0_-_2.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":5736,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":59,"title":"SCADA - Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition","alias":"scada-supervisory-control-and-data-acquisition","description":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">SCADA</span> stands for <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition</span>, a term which describes the basic functions of a SCADA system. Companies use SCADA systems to control equipment across their sites and to collect and record data about their operations. SCADA is not a specific technology, but a type of application. Any application that gets operating data about a system in order to control and optimise that system is a SCADA application. That application may be a petrochemical distillation process, a water filtration system, a pipeline compressor, or just about anything else.\r\nSCADA solutions typically come in a combination of software and hardware elements, such as&nbsp;programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and remote terminal units (RTUs). Data acquisition in SCADA starts with PLCs and RTUs, which communicate with plant floor equipment such as factory machinery and sensors. Data gathered from the equipment is then sent to the next level, such as a control room, where operators can supervise the PLC and RTU controls using human-machine interfaces (HMIs). HMIs are an important element of SCADA systems. They are the screens that&nbsp;operators&nbsp;use to communicate with the SCADA system.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The major components of a SCADA technology include:</span></p>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Master Terminal Unit (MTU).</span> It comprises a computer, PLC and a network server that helps MTU to communicate with the RTUs. MTU begins communication, collects and saves data, helps to interface with operators and to communicate data to other systems.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Remote Terminal Unit (RTU).</span> RTU is used to collect information from these sensors and further sends the data to MTU. RTUs have the storage capacity facility. So, it stores the data and transmits the data when MTU sends the corresponding command.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Communication Network (defined by its network topology).</span> In general, network means connection. When you tell a SCADA communication network, it is defined as a link between RTU in the field to MTU in the central location. The bidirectional wired or wireless communication channel is used for the networking purpose. Various other communication mediums like fiber optic cables, twisted pair cables, etc. are also used.</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Objectives of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system</span></p>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Monitor:</span> SCADA control system continuously monitors the physical parameters</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Measure:</span> It measures the parameter for processing</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Data Acquisition:</span> It acquires data from RTU, data loggers, etc</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Data Communication:</span> It helps to communicate and transmit a large amount of data between MTU and RTU units</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Controlling:</span> Online real-time monitoring and controlling of the process</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Automation:</span> It helps for automatic transmission and functionality</li></ul>\r\n\r\n","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\">Who Uses SCADA?</h1>\r\nSCADA systems are used by industrial organizations and companies in the public and private sectors to control and maintain efficiency, distribute data for smarter decisions, and communicate system issues to help mitigate downtime. Supervisory control systems work well in many different types of enterprises because they can range from simple configurations to large, complex installations. They are the backbone of many modern industries, including:\r\n<ul><li>Energy</li><li>Food and beverage</li><li>Manufacturing</li><li>Oil and gas</li><li>Power</li><li>Recycling</li><li>Transportation</li><li>Water and waste water</li><li>And many more</li></ul>\r\nVirtually anywhere you look in today's world, there is some type of SCADA monitoring system running behind the scenes: maintaining the refrigeration systems at the local supermarket, ensuring production and safety at a refinery, achieving quality standards at a waste water treatment plant, or even tracking your energy use at home, to give a few examples. Effective SCADA systems can result in significant savings of time and money. Numerous case studies have been published highlighting the benefits and savings of using a modern SCADA software.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">Benefits of using SCADA software</h1>\r\nUsing modern SCADA software provides numerous benefits to businesses, and helps companies make the most of those benefits. Some of these advantages include:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Easier engineering:</span> An advanced supervisory control application such provides easy-to-locate tools, wizards, graphic templates and other pre-configured elements, so engineers can create automation projects and set parameters quickly, even if they don't have programming experience. In addition, you can also easily maintain and expand existing applications as needed. The ability to automate the engineering process allows users, particularly system integrators and original equipment manufacturers (OEM), to set up complex projects much more efficiently and accurately.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Improved data management:</span> A high-quality SCADA system makes it easier to collect, manage, access and analyze your operational data. It can enable automatic data recording and provide a central location for data storage. Additionally, it can transfer data to other systems such as MES and ERP as needed. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Greater visibility:</span> One of the main advantages of using SCADA software is the improvement in visibility into your operations. It provides you with real-time information about your operations and enables you to conveniently view that information via an HMI. SCADA monitoring can also help in generating reports and analyzing data.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Enhanced efficiency:</span> A SCADA system allows you to streamline processes through automated actions and user-friendly tools. The data that SCADA provides allows you to uncover opportunities for improving the efficiency of the operations, which can be used to make long-term changes to processes or even respond to real-time changes in conditions.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Increased usability:</span> SCADA systems enable workers to control equipment more quickly, easily and safely through an HMI. Rather than having to control each piece of machinery manually, workers can manage them remotely and often control many pieces of equipment from a single location. Managers, even those who are not currently on the floor, also gain this capability.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Reduced downtime:</span> A SCADA system can detect faults at an early stage and push instant alerts to the responsible personnel. Powered by predictive analytics, a SCADA system can also inform you of a potential issue of the machinery before it fails and causes larger problems. These features can help improve the overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) and reduce the amount of time and cost on troubleshooting and maintenance.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Easy integration:</span> Connectivity to existing machine environments is key to removing data silos and maximizing productivity. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Unified platform:</span>All of your data is also available in one platform, which helps you to get a clear overview of your operations and take full advantage of your data. All users also get real-time updates locally or remotely, ensuring everyone on your team is on the same page.<br /><br />","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/SCADA__-_Supervisory_Control_And_Data_Acquisition.png"},{"id":223,"title":"Data Access, Analysis, and Delivery Software","alias":"data-access-analysis-and-delivery-software","description":" Data access, analysis and delivery software are end-user oriented tools for ad hoc data access, analysis and reporting as well as production reporting. These products are most commonly used by information consumers or power users rather than professional programmers.\r\nThe processing and analysis of group data is a flexible, iterative method for processing and analyzing data to efficiently provide predictive analytics solutions and intelligent applications. This allows you to improve learning and teamwork. It contains selected recommendations and structures from Microsoft and other developers in the industry that ensure the successful implementation of data processing and analysis solutions. All this is to help companies take full advantage of their analytics software.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Data access</span>\r\nData access is a generic term referring to a process which has both an IT-specific meaning and other connotations involving access rights in a broader legal and/or political sense. In the former it typically refers to software and activities related to storing, retrieving, or acting on data housed in a database or other repository. Two fundamental types of data access exist:\r\n<ol><li>sequential access (as in magnetic tape, for example)</li><li>random access (as in indexed media)</li></ol>\r\nData access crucially involves authorization to access different data repositories. Data access can help distinguish the abilities of administrators and users. For example, administrators may have the ability to remove, edit and add data, while general users may not even have &quot;read&quot; rights if they lack access to particular information.\r\nHistorically, each repository (including each different database, file system, etc.), might require the use of different methods and languages, and many of these repositories stored their content in different and incompatible formats.\r\nOver the years standardized languages, methods, and formats, have developed to serve as interfaces between the often proprietary, and always idiosyncratic, specific languages and methods. Such standards include SQL (1974- ), ODBC (ca 1990- ), JDBC, XQJ, ADO.NET, XML, XQuery, XPath (1999- ), and Web Services.\r\nSome of these standards enable translation of data from unstructured (such as HTML or free-text files) to structured (such as XML or SQL).\r\nStructures such as connection strings and DBURLs[1] can attempt to standardise methods of connecting to databases.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">A program for data analysis</span>\r\nA data analysis program is a specially developed software that can analyze any information. This is usually a database program. It is within the database that you can store any information in any amount. A functional program allows incoming and stored data to analyze. Software development can be done for any tasks, which means that the program for data analysis can be customized for any activity. If, for example, you have a trade organization, then your data analysis program will analyze products, customers, funds, product balance, and more.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">On-demand software delivery</span>\r\nA type of software delivery service where the software is provided to the customer through a network (such as the Internet) as a service. On-demand software delivery is also called software on-demand. The terms on-demand software and Software as a Service (SaaS) are often used interchangeably.\r\nData access, analysis and delivery software are end-user oriented tools for ad hoc data access, analysis and reporting as well as production reporting.&nbsp; These products are most commonly used by information consumers or power users rather than professional programmers.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Data_Access__Analysis__and_Delivery_Software1.png"},{"id":461,"title":"Data Diode","alias":"data-diode","description":"A unidirectional network (also referred to as a unidirectional gateway or data diode) is a network appliance or device that allows data to travel in only one direction. Data diodes can be found most commonly in high-security environments, such as defense, where they serve as connections between two or more networks of differing security classifications. Given the rise of Industrial IoT and Digitization, this technology can now be found at the industrial control level for such facilities as nuclear power plants, power generation and safety-critical systems like railway networks.<br />After years of development, the use of data diodes has increased, creating two variations:\r\n<ul><li>Data Diode: more often used to refer to the simple hardware version that physically enforces data to flow in only one direction.</li><li>Unidirectional Gateway: Used to describe a more sophisticated device that typically has a computer on both its critical and open side. Unidirectional gateways are a combination of hardware and software. The hardware (data diode) permits data to flow from one network to another but is physically unable to send any information at all back into the source network. The software replicates databases and emulates protocol servers and devices, enabling compatibility with existing network protocols, allowing organizations to gain their benefits without changes to their existing systems.</li></ul>\r\nOnce only commonly found in high-security military environments, unidirectional gateways are now becoming widely spread in sectors like Oil &amp; Gas, water/wastewater, airplanes (between flight control units and in-flight entertainment systems), manufacturing and cloud connectivity for Industrial IoT primarily as a result of new regulations, increased demand and big industrial powerhouses. These industries/sectors and betting on this technology, which has had the effect of lowering the technology's core cost.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What Is Data Diode Technology &amp; How Does It Work?</span>\r\nToday's business environment is increasingly digital and more vulnerable than ever to a cyber attack. Because of this, various network security technologies have been developed to protect organizational data and infrastructures. One of the most effective of these modern technologies is the data diode. Although it is one of the most effective network security tools available, you may not have heard of this technology and know little of what it does. Below, you'll find a description of what data diode technology is and how it works.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What Is Data Diode Technology?</span>\r\nA data diode is a communication device that enables the safe, one-way transfer of data between segmented networks. Intelligent data diode design maintains physical and electrical separation of source and destination networks, establishing a non-routable, completely closed one-way data transfer protocol between networks. Intelligent data diodes effectively eliminate external points of entry to the sending system, preventing intruders and contagious elements from infiltrating the network. Securing all of a network’s data outflow with data diodes makes it impossible for an insecure or hostile network to pass along malware, access your system, or accidentally make harmful changes.\r\nData diodes allow companies to send process data in real time to information management systems for use in financial, customer service, and management decisions — without compromising the security of your network. This protects valuable information and network infrastructure from theft, destruction, tampering, and human error, mitigating the potential loss of thousands of dollars and countless hours of work.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How Does Data Diode Technology Work?</span>\r\nA &quot;diode&quot; is an electronic component that only allows current to flow in one direction. Similarly, data diode technology lets information flow safely in only one direction, from secure areas to less secure systems, without permitting reverse access. A data diode also creates a physical barrier or “air gap” between the two points. This one-way connection prevents data leakage, eliminates the threat of malware, and fully protects the process control network. Moreover, a single data diode can handle data transfers from multiple servers or devices simultaneously, without bottlenecking.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Where is it used?</span>\r\nIt’s typically used to guarantee information security or protection of critical digital systems, such as industrial control systems, from cyber attacks. While the use of these devices is common in high-security environments such as defense, where they serve as connections between two or more networks of differing security classifications, the technology is also being used to enforce one-way communications outbound from critical digital systems to untrusted networks connected to the Internet.\r\nThe physical nature of unidirectional networks only allows data to pass from one side of a network connection to another, and not the other way around. This can be from the &quot;low side&quot; or untrusted network to the &quot;high side&quot; or trusted network or vice versa. In the first case, data in the high side network is kept confidential and users retain access to data from the low side. Such functionality can be attractive if sensitive data is stored on a network which requires connectivity with the Internet: the high side can receive Internet data from the low side, but no data on the high side is accessible to Internet-based intrusion. In the second case, a safety-critical physical system can be made accessible for online monitoring, yet be insulated from all Internet-based attacks that might seek to cause physical damage. In both cases, the connection remains unidirectional even if both the low and the high network are compromised, as the security guarantees are physical in nature.\r\nThere are two general models for using unidirectional network connections. In the classical model, the purpose of the data diode is to prevent the export of classified data from a secure machine while allowing the import of data from an insecure machine. In the alternative model, the diode is used to allow export of data from a protected machine while preventing attacks on that machine.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Data_Diode.png"},{"id":471,"title":"Hardware","alias":"hardware","description":" Computer hardware includes the physical, tangible parts or components of a computer, such as the cabinet, central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, speakers and motherboard. By contrast, software is instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Hardware is so-termed because it is &quot;hard&quot; or rigid with respect to changes or modifications; whereas software is &quot;soft&quot; because it is easy to update or change. Intermediate between software and hardware is &quot;firmware&quot;, which is software that is strongly coupled to the particular hardware of a computer system and thus the most difficult to change but also among the most stable with respect to consistency of interface. The progression from levels of &quot;hardness&quot; to &quot;softness&quot; in computer systems parallels a progression of layers of abstraction in computing.\r\nHardware is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system, although other systems exist with only hardware components.\r\nThe template for all modern computers is the Von Neumann architecture, detailed in a 1945 paper by Hungarian mathematician John von Neumann. This describes a design architecture for an electronic digital computer with subdivisions of a processing unit consisting of an arithmetic logic unit and processor registers, a control unit containing an instruction register and program counter, a memory to store both data and instructions, external mass storage, and input and output mechanisms. The meaning of the term has evolved to mean a stored-program computer in which an instruction fetch and a data operation cannot occur at the same time because they share a common bus. This is referred to as the Von Neumann bottleneck and often limits the performance of the system.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What does Hardware (H/W) mean?</span>\r\nHardware (H/W), in the context of technology, refers to the physical elements that make up a computer or electronic system and everything else involved that is physically tangible. This includes the monitor, hard drive, memory and CPU. Hardware works hand-in-hand with firmware and software to make a computer function.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are the types of computer systems?</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Personal computer</span></span>\r\nThe personal computer, also known as the PC, is one of the most common types of computer due to its versatility and relatively low price. Laptops are generally very similar, although they may use lower-power or reduced size components, thus lower performance.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Case</span></span>\r\nThe computer case encloses and holds most of the components of the system. It provides mechanical support and protection for internal elements such as the motherboard, disk drives, and power supplies, and controls and directs the flow of cooling air over internal components. The case is also part of the system to control electromagnetic interference radiated by the computer, and protects internal parts from electrostatic discharge. Large tower cases provide extra internal space for multiple disk drives or other peripherals and usually stand on the floor, while desktop cases provide less expansion room. All-in-one style designs include a video display built into the same case. Portable and laptop computers require cases that provide impact protection for the unit. A current development in laptop computers is a detachable keyboard, which allows the system to be configured as a touch-screen tablet. Hobbyists may decorate the cases with colored lights, paint, or other features, in an activity called case modding.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Power supply</span></span>\r\nA power supply unit (PSU) converts alternating current (AC) electric power to low-voltage direct current (DC) power for the internal components of the computer. Laptops are capable of running from a built-in battery, normally for a period of hours. The PSU typically uses a switched-mode power supply (SMPS), with power MOSFETs (power metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors) used in the converters and regulator circuits of the SMPS.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Motherboard</span></span>\r\nThe motherboard is the main component of a computer. It is a board with integrated circuitry that connects the other parts of the computer including the CPU, the RAM, the disk drives (CD, DVD, hard disk, or any others) as well as any peripherals connected via the ports or the expansion slots. The integrated circuit (IC) chips in a computer typically contain billions of tiny metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs).\r\nComponents directly attached to or to part of the motherboard include:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The CPU (central processing unit)</span>, which performs most of the calculations which enable a computer to function, and is referred to as the brain of the computer which get a hold of program instruction from random-access memory (RAM), interprets and processes it and then send it backs to computer result so that the relevant components can carry out the instructions. The CPU is a microprocessor, which is fabricated on a metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) integrated circuit (IC) chip. It is usually cooled by a heat sink and fan, or water-cooling system. Most newer CPU include an on-die graphics processing unit (GPU). The clock speed of CPU governs how fast it executes instructions, and is measured in GHz; typical values lie between 1 GHz and 5 GHz. Many modern computers have the option to overclock the CPU which enhances performance at the expense of greater thermal output and thus a need for improved cooling.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The chipset</span>, which includes the north bridge, mediates communication between the CPU and the other components of the system, including main memory; as well as south bridge, which is connected to the north bridge, and supports auxiliary interfaces and buses; and, finally, a Super I/O chip, connected through the south bridge, which supports the slowest and most legacy components like serial ports, hardware monitoring and fan control.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Random-access memory (RAM)</span>, which stores the code and data that are being actively accessed by the CPU. For example, when a web browser is opened on the computer it takes up memory; this is stored in the RAM until the web browser is closed. It is typically a type of dynamic RAM (DRAM), such as synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), where MOS memory chips store data on memory cells consisting of MOSFETs and MOS capacitors. RAM usually comes on dual in-line memory modules (DIMMs) in the sizes of 2GB, 4GB, and 8GB, but can be much larger.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Read-only memory (ROM)</span>, which stores the BIOS that runs when the computer is powered on or otherwise begins execution, a process known as Bootstrapping, or &quot;booting&quot; or &quot;booting up&quot;. The ROM is typically a nonvolatile BIOS memory chip, which stores data on floating-gate MOSFET memory cells.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The BIOS (Basic Input Output System)</span> includes boot firmware and power management firmware. Newer motherboards use Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) instead of BIOS.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Buses</span> that connect the CPU to various internal components and to expand cards for graphics and sound.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The CMOS</span> (complementary MOS) battery, which powers the CMOS memory for date and time in the BIOS chip. This battery is generally a watch battery.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The video card</span> (also known as the graphics card), which processes computer graphics. More powerful graphics cards are better suited to handle strenuous tasks, such as playing intensive video games or running computer graphics software. A video card contains a graphics processing unit (GPU) and video memory (typically a type of SDRAM), both fabricated on MOS integrated circuit (MOS IC) chips.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Power MOSFETs</span> make up the voltage regulator module (VRM), which controls how much voltage other hardware components receive.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Expansion cards</span></span>\r\nAn expansion card in computing is a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an expansion slot of a computer motherboard or backplane to add functionality to a computer system via the expansion bus. Expansion cards can be used to obtain or expand on features not offered by the motherboard.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Storage devices</span></span>\r\nA storage device is any computing hardware and digital media that is used for storing, porting and extracting data files and objects. It can hold and store information both temporarily and permanently, and can be internal or external to a computer, server or any similar computing device. Data storage is a core function and fundamental component of computers.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Fixed media</span></span>\r\nData is stored by a computer using a variety of media. Hard disk drives (HDDs) are found in virtually all older computers, due to their high capacity and low cost, but solid-state drives (SSDs) are faster and more power efficient, although currently more expensive than hard drives in terms of dollar per gigabyte, so are often found in personal computers built post-2007. SSDs use flash memory, which stores data on MOS memory chips consisting of floating-gate MOSFET memory cells. Some systems may use a disk array controller for greater performance or reliability.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Removable media</span></span>\r\nTo transfer data between computers, an external flash memory device (such as a memory card or USB flash drive) or optical disc (such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM or BD-ROM) may be used. Their usefulness depends on being readable by other systems; the majority of machines have an optical disk drive (ODD), and virtually all have at least one Universal Serial Bus (USB) port.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Input and output peripherals</span></span>\r\nInput and output devices are typically housed externally to the main computer chassis. The following are either standard or very common to many computer systems.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Input</span></span>\r\nInput devices allow the user to enter information into the system, or control its operation. Most personal computers have a mouse and keyboard, but laptop systems typically use a touchpad instead of a mouse. Other input devices include webcams, microphones, joysticks, and image scanners.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Output device</span></span>\r\nOutput devices display information in a human readable form. Such devices could include printers, speakers, monitors or a Braille embosser.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Mainframe computer</span></span>\r\nA mainframe computer is a much larger computer that typically fills a room and may cost many hundreds or thousands of times as much as a personal computer. They are designed to perform large numbers of calculations for governments and large enterprises.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Departmental computing</span></span>\r\nIn the 1960s and 1970s, more and more departments started to use cheaper and dedicated systems for specific purposes like process control and laboratory automation.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Supercomputer</span></span>\r\nA supercomputer is superficially similar to a mainframe, but is instead intended for extremely demanding computational tasks. As of June 2018, the fastest supercomputer on the TOP500supercomputer list is the Summit, in the United States, with a LINPACK benchmarkscore of 122.3 PFLOPS Light, by around 29 PFLOPS.\r\nThe term supercomputer does not refer to a specific technology. Rather it indicates the fastest computations available at any given time. In mid 2011, the fastest supercomputers boasted speeds exceeding one petaflop, or 1 quadrillion (10^15 or 1,000 trillion) floating point operations per second. Supercomputers are fast but extremely costly, so they are generally used by large organizations to execute computationally demanding tasks involving large data sets. Supercomputers typically run military and scientific applications. Although costly, they are also being used for commercial applications where huge amounts of data must be analyzed. For example, large banks employ supercomputers to calculate the risks and returns of various investment strategies, and healthcare organizations use them to analyze giant databases of patient data to determine optimal treatments for various diseases and problems incurring to the country. ","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Hardware.jpg"},{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"},{"id":840,"title":"ICS/SCADA Cyber Security","alias":"icsscada-cyber-security","description":"SCADA security is the practice of protecting supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) networks, a common framework of control systems used in industrial operations. These networks are responsible for providing automated control and remote human management of essential commodities and services such as water, natural gas, electricity and transportation to millions of people. They can also be used to improve the efficiencies and quality in other less essential (but some would say very important!) real-world processes such as snowmaking for ski resorts and beer brewing. SCADA is one of the most common types of industrial control systems (ICS).\r\nThese networks, just like any other network, are under threat from cyber-attacks that could bring down any part of the nation's critical infrastructure quickly and with dire consequences if the right security is not in place. Capital expenditure is another key concern; SCADA systems can cost an organization from tens of thousands to millions of dollars. For these reasons, it is essential that organizations implement robust SCADA security measures to protect their infrastructure and the millions of people that would be affected by the disruption caused by an external attack or internal error.\r\nSCADA security has evolved dramatically in recent years. Before computers, the only way to monitor a SCADA network was to deploy several people to each station to report back on the state of each system. In busier stations, technicians were stationed permanently to manually operate the network and communicate over telephone wires.\r\nIt wasn't until the introduction of the local area network (LAN) and improvements in system miniaturization that we started to see advances in SCADA development such as the distributed SCADA network. Next came networked systems that were able to communicate over a wide area network (WAN) and connect many more components together.\r\nFrom local companies to federal governments, every business or organization that works with SCADA systems are vulnerable to SCADA security threats. These threats can have wide-reaching effects on both the economy and the community. Specific threats to SCADA networks include the following:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Hackers.</span> Individuals or groups with malicious intent could bring a SCADA network to its knees. By gaining access to key SCADA components, hackers could unleash chaos on an organization that can range from a disruption in services to cyber warfare.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Malware.</span> Malware, including viruses, spyware and ransomware can pose a risk to SCADA systems. While malware may not be able to specifically target the network itself, it can still pose a threat to the key infrastructure that helps to manage the SCADA network. This includes mobile SCADA applications that are used to monitor and manage SCADA systems.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Terrorists.</span> Where hackers are usually motivated by sordid gain, terrorists are driven by the desire to cause as much mayhem and damage as possible.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Employees.</span> Insider threats can be just as damaging as external threats. From human error to a disgruntled employee or contractor, it is essential that SCADA security addresses these risks.\r\nManaging today's SCADA networks can be a challenge without the right security precautions in place. Many networks are still without the necessary detection and monitoring systems and this leaves them vulnerable to attack. Because SCADA network attacks exploit both cyber and physical vulnerabilities, it is critical to align cybersecurity measures accordingly.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is the difference between ICS/SCADA cybersecurity and information security?</span>\r\nAutomated process control systems (SCADA) have a lot of differences from “traditional” corporate information systems: from the destination, specific data transfer protocols and equipment used and ending with the environment in which they operate. In corporate networks and systems, as a rule, the main protected resource is information that is processed, transmitted and stored in automated systems, and the main goal is to ensure its confidentiality. In ICS, the protected resource, first of all, is the technological process itself, and the main goal is to ensure its continuity (accessibility of all nodes) and integrity (including information transmitted between the nodes of the ICS). Moreover, the field of potential risks and threats to ICS, in comparison with corporate systems, expands with risks of potential damage to life and health of personnel and the public, damage to the environment and infrastructure. That is why it is incorrect to talk about “information security” in relation to ICS/SCADA. In English sources, the term “cybersecurity” is used for this, a direct translation of which (cybersecurity) is increasingly found in our market in relation to the protection of process control systems.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Is it really necessary?</span>\r\nIt is necessary. There are a number of myths about process control systems, for example: “process control systems are completely isolated from the outside world”, “process control systems are too specific for someone to crack”, “process control systems are reliably protected by the developer”, or even “No one will ever try us, hacking us is not interesting. ” All this is no longer true. Many modern distributed process control systems have one or another connection with the corporate network, even if the system owners are unaware of this. Communication with the outside world greatly simplifies the task of the attacker, but does not remain the only possible option. Automated process control software and data transfer protocols are, as a rule, very, very insecure against cyber threats. This is evidenced by numerous articles and reports of experts involved in the study of the protection of industrial control systems and penetration tests. The PHDays III section on hacking automated process control systems impressed even ardent skeptics. Well, and, of course, the argument “they have NOT attacked us, therefore they will not” - can hardly be considered seriously. Everyone has heard about Stuxnet, which dispelled almost all the myths about the safety of ICS at once.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Who needs this?</span>\r\nWith the phrase ICS/SCADA, most imagine huge plants, automated CNC machines or something similar. However, the application of process control systems is not limited to these objects - in the modern age of automation, process control systems are used everywhere: from large production facilities, the oil and gas industry, transport management to smart home systems. And, by the way, with the protection of the latter, as a rule, everything can be much worse, because the developer silently and imperceptibly shifts responsibility to the shoulders of the user.\r\nOf course, some of the objects with automated process control systems are more interesting for attackers, others less. But, given the ever-growing number of vulnerabilities discovered and published in the ICS, the spread of &quot;exclusive&quot; (written for specific protocols and ICS software) malware, considering your system safe &quot;by default&quot; is unreasonable.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Are ICS and SCADA the same thing?</span>\r\nNo. SCADA systems (supervisory control and data acquisition, supervisory control and data collection) are part of the control system. Usually, a SCADA system means centralized control and management systems with the participation of a person as a whole system or a complex of industrial control systems. SCADA is the central link between people (human-machine interfaces) and PLC levels (programmable logic controller) or RTU (remote terminal unit).\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is ICS/SCADA cybersecurity?</span>\r\nIn fact, ICS cybersecurity is a process similar to “information security” in a number of properties, but very different in details. And the devil, as you know, lies in them. ICS/SCADA also has similar information security-related processes: asset inventory, risk analysis and assessment, threat analysis, security management, change management, incident response, continuity, etc. But these processes themselves are different.<br />The cyber security of ICSs has the same basic target qualities - confidentiality, integrity and accessibility, but the significance and point of application for them are completely different. It should be remembered that in ICS/SCADA we, first of all, protect the technological process. Beyond this - from the risks of damage to human health and life and the environment.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_SCADA_Cyber_Security.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":3447,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/AppSec_Labs_logo.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"AppSec Labs Internet of Things (IoT) Security","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"appsec-labs-internet-of-things-iot-security","companyTitle":"AppSec Labs","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":5175,"companyAlias":"appsec-labs","description":"Smart and connected devices (IoT) are transforming our lives, improving efficiency, availability and security of our environment and life.\r\nSmart cities, smart medicine/healthcare, smart homes, smart transportation and smart manufacturing are changing the way we communicate with our environment, homes and even our bodies.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">AppSec Labs’ IoT Research and Evaluation</span>\r\nOver the last few years we, at AppSec Labs, did a lot of research on connected device threats and mitigation. The research was done side-by-side with consulting and accompanying the development of new connected products and old-fashioned devices that became connected.\r\nWe have helped teams develop secure solutions, and developed different tools and scripts to attack insecure usage and implementation.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">AppSec Labs IoT Partnerships</span>\r\nAppSec Labs is a Microsoft Global trusted partner in the security program for Azure IoT, this partnership provides AppSec Labs with access to the newest Microsoft solutions and direct access to R&amp;D, which is knowledge we transfer to our customers.\r\nWhether you’re building your own solution with certified devices or looking for a complete IoT solution, AppSec Labs can help tailor the Azure IoT Suite to your industry-specific needs.\r\nAppSec Labs has partnered up with leading IoT architects &amp; development teams including Softimize and Emind. These partnerships allow us to stay one step ahead of the game and give us the opportunity to be in the first line with the best IoT providers – all the way from the designer table to production.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Connected Device – the Ultimate Problem to Protect</span>\r\nIoT products have two big issues that require wide and specialized expertise to secure:\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">A larger attack surface:</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>Local device (sensors and/or controllers)</li><li>Mobile apps (iOS and Android)</li><li>Cloud APIs</li><li>Management website</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Custom architectures and communications:</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>Multiple entities and identities</li><li>Multiple authentications in one product</li><li>Non-common protocols</li><li>Device initialization (network connection and pairing)</li><li>Mobile ⇔ device communication</li><li>Protecting client-side code (mobile apps and device)</li></ul>","shortDescription":"AppSec Labs provides IoT products security services - consulting, hacking (penetration testing) and training.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":0,"sellingCount":0,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"AppSec Labs Internet of Things (IoT) Security","keywords":"","description":"Smart and connected devices (IoT) are transforming our lives, improving efficiency, availability and security of our environment and life.\r\nSmart cities, smart medicine/healthcare, smart homes, smart transportation and smart manufacturing are changing the way ","og:title":"AppSec Labs Internet of Things (IoT) Security","og:description":"Smart and connected devices (IoT) are transforming our lives, improving efficiency, availability and security of our environment and life.\r\nSmart cities, smart medicine/healthcare, smart homes, smart transportation and smart manufacturing are changing the way ","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/AppSec_Labs_logo.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":3447,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":538,"title":"Services","alias":"services","description":" Service - any activity or work that one party can offer the other, characterized by the absence of the proposed material tangibility of such activities and not expressed in possession of something.\r\nA service from the point of view of marketing is a sale object in the form of an artist’s action, bringing benefits to the consumer or a useful result. In the process of providing services, a new, previously non-existent material product is not created, but the quality of an existing, created product changes. These are goods provided not in the form of commodities or exchange, but in the form of activities. The very provision of services creates the desired result for the consumer.\r\nServices have four main characteristics that significantly affect the development of marketing programs:\r\n<ul><li>intangibility - it is impossible to demonstrate, see, try, transport, store, pack or study. All this is possible only in relation to the final result (it was - it became);</li><li>inseparability - a service can be provided only when an order arrives or a client appears, i.e. services are provided and consumed simultaneously;</li><li>variability (non-standardization) - customers are direct participants in the service process and affect its final result;</li><li>impossibility of storage - unlike tangible goods, they cannot be made for future use.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of services?</span>\r\nThe provision (provision) of services may include, for example, the following:\r\n<ul><li>activities carried out on material products supplied by the consumer (for example, repair of a faulty car);</li><li>activities carried out on intangible products supplied by the consumer (for example, preparing a statement of income required to determine the amount of tax);</li><li>the provision of intangible products (for example, information in the sense of knowledge transfer);</li><li>creating favorable conditions for consumers (for example, in hotels and restaurants).</li></ul>\r\nThe services provided to the population, by appointment, are divided into material and socio-cultural:\r\n<ul><li>Material service - a service to satisfy the material and domestic needs of a consumer of services. It provides restoration (change, preservation) of consumer properties of products or the manufacture of new products by orders of citizens, as well as the movement of goods and people, the creation of conditions for consumption. In particular, material services may include household services related to the repair and manufacture of products, housing and communal services, catering services, transportation services, etc.</li><li>Socio-cultural service (intangible service) - a service to satisfy spiritual, intellectual needs and the maintenance of normal consumer life. Provides maintenance and restoration of health, spiritual and physical development of the individual, increasing professional skills. Social and cultural services cannot include medical care and compulsory educational process.</li></ul>\r\nServices can be: private or commercial, voluntary or forced, paid or free, instant or long-term, mutual and anonymous, public, etc.\r\nThe generalizing category, which includes all types of commercial and non-commercial services and is part of the economy, is the service sector.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Service Examples</span>\r\nRealtor services - services of a realtor, real estate agent, aimed at satisfying the needs of the client when performing operations to manage real estate, as well as creating additional benefits for the client when carrying out operations with real estate (additional income or an additional increase in the value of real estate both in the short and long term), the receipt of which would be impossible without the participation of a realtor (real estate agent) and the use of special professional tools and skills. At the same time, the effectiveness of the realtor (real estate agent) is estimated by the value of the benefit received by the client, and his remuneration is only part of it.\r\nLegal services - the services of a lawyer and attorney in many cases are vital, therefore, the choice of performers for their provision should be with particular seriousness and responsibility. The main areas of lawyer and advocate services:\r\n<ul><li>Comprehensive legal services for organizations of various forms of ownership;</li><li>Arbitration - representing the interests of organizations in arbitration courts;</li><li>Representation of interests of companies in courts of various instances;</li><li>Professional legal support of transactions and contracts of organizations;</li><li>Services to legal entities related to bankruptcy of enterprises;</li><li>Services of professional lawyers in returning and collecting debts;</li><li>Representation of interests of organizations in the event of tax disputes;</li><li>Processes related to registration of the inheritance;</li><li>Services of a professional lawyer in the event of a traffic accident (Legal assistance in road accidents);</li><li>Services of a lawyer and advocate in the event of housing disputes;</li><li>Family lawyer services;</li><li>Providing the services of a lawyer and criminal lawyer;</li><li>Ensuring consumer protection.</li></ul>\r\nAccounting services are necessary for both newly opened companies and existing structures that need to establish an accounting service or monitor the work of a full-time accountant. Accounting services are also relevant in the case of business expansion, as new employees appear in the company, salaries are revised, and associated costs arise. Professional accounting services are the foundation of successful business activities, ensuring the prosperity of the business due to the precise control of all financial resources of the company.\r\nPsychological assistance services.\r\nIT-services (IT-services, IT-services; including IT-consulting) - services related to assisting in the development of computer literacy of users, training them in new software products. The list of services also includes services for installation, updating and maintenance of software products and computer equipment.\r\nInformation Services.\r\nand etc.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Services.png"},{"id":717,"title":"Consulting","alias":"consulting","description":" Even large international companies often face difficulties in their work. This may be due to both external factors and internal problems. Most often, problems arise because of price fluctuations in the market, the appearance or departure of a competitor, but firms also have difficulties with the relations themselves between employees within the enterprise. Because of this, there is no opportunity and strength within the company to fight for their survival, therefore an excellent solution, in this case, would be to use consulting services.\r\nConsulting is a type of service, which essentially means consulting. One company or person provides services in solving certain problems to another company.\r\nThe issues that can be solved with the help of consulting are very diverse. Sometimes it can be a whole complex of tasks, and sometimes it is provided only in a narrow area. For example, accounting consulting is the involvement of a specialized company or employee to solve accounting problems. That is why, when they talk about the concept of consulting, there is no clear definition.\r\nConsulting services are the solution of organizational or managerial tasks within a firm with the help of external specialists. Professional consultants in a particular area are invited to work at a company. Experts evaluate the condition, see the cause of the problems and create a system for solving these errors.\r\nThe company turns to consulting, not only in the case when experiencing difficulties in development. Often the manager decides on the expansion, so an urgent need to increase the number of specialists. But even if hiring them to work, then it will be necessary to spend more months on training, control over the execution of tasks, and only after that set challenging tasks for them. And in a developing company there is not so much time.<br />Consulting firms are specialized companies that provide consulting services. There can work a staff of staff who simultaneously collaborate with different organizations.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of consulting services?</span>\r\nThere are basic types of consulting services:\r\n<link https://roi4cio.com/en/categories/category/it-Consulting/ - external-link-new-window \"Opens internal link in current window\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">IT consulting</span></link> is one of the newest and most sought-after types of consulting in Ukraine. This advice and assistance in the field of information technology. In fact, IT-consulting solves all the issues related to the Internet and information business processes.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Marketing consulting.</span> Not all companies can afford to open a marketing department or hire a professional employee who will solve these issues. And today it is necessary to engage in advertising, because this is the only way to stay on the market and be a leader. In many cases, marketing consulting services are provided along with IT consulting.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Legal consulting</span> is related to the solution of current tasks that are related to the state law. This will allow to properly evaluate the activities of the company and make the most profitable decisions. Legal advice is especially important during the expansion of the enterprise when it is necessary to open new branches or enter into agreements with intermediaries and suppliers.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Financial consulting</span> - services that are associated with the effective management of funds, the distribution of the budget within the company, as well as proper external investments.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Personnel consulting</span> assumes the establishment of internal relations between employees, the selection of new professionals who will meet the requirements of the company.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Who is engaged in consulting services?</span>\r\nThe task of consultants consulting firms include:\r\n<ul><li>Search for problems within the company.</li><li>Analysis of the enterprise.</li><li>Development of strategies and programs to solve the problems found.</li><li>Advice on any issues: management, accounting, logistics, finance, etc.</li></ul>\r\nConsultants have all the necessary knowledge to help small, medium or large businesses solve problems and quickly adapt to a constantly changing market or regularly growing competition.\r\nIn particular, consultants of consulting companies have the following knowledge:\r\n<ul><li>computer science (computer skills and various software);</li><li>marketing and advertising;</li><li>finance and accounting;</li><li>sales and management;</li><li>logistics and investment.</li></ul>\r\nThey must also understand personnel issues, environmental issues, as well as computer technology, basic software and more.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">When it is advisable to resort to consulting services:</span>\r\n<ol><li>If there are disagreements between partners in the business regarding the further development of the company, production, marketing, investments, etc.</li><li>When a business is in a critical situation, for example, on the verge of bankruptcy or bankruptcy, and the manager or entrepreneur is not able to solve the problems and save the company.</li><li>With the expansion of the business and its scaling. When work is planned on other regions of the country or even entering the international market.</li><li>When you need to find fresh ideas for the rapid promotion of a new service, product or product.</li><li>When the need arises to conduct an audit of a business to understand how effective it is and what are the future prospects in the current state of affairs.</li><li>When you plan to sell a business and you need to check all the important points.</li><li>In the absence of new ideas for the promotion of business, products, services or goods. Or to develop a new product, instead of an outdated or lost consumer demand.</li></ol>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Consulting.png"},{"id":718,"title":"IT Consulting","alias":"it-consulting","description":" In management, information technology consulting (also called IT consulting, computer consultancy, business and technology services, computing consultancy, technology consulting, and IT advisory) as a field of activity focuses on advising organizations on how best to use information technology (IT) in achieving their business objectives.\r\nThe IT consulting industry can be viewed as a Four-tier system:\r\n<ul><li>Professional services firms which maintain large professional workforces and command high bill rates.</li><li>Staffing firms, which place technologists with businesses on a temporary basis, typically in response to employee absences, temporary skill shortages and technical projects.</li><li>Independent consultants, who are self-employed or who function as employees of staffing firms (for US tax purposes, employed on Form W-2), or as independent contractors in their own right (for US tax purposes, on &quot;1099&quot;).</li><li>Information Technology security consultants</li></ul>\r\nThere are different reasons why consultants are called in:\r\n<ul><li>To gain external, objective advice and recommendations</li><li>To gain access to the consultants' specialized expertise</li><li>Temporary help during a one-time project where the hiring of a permanent employee(s) is not required or necessary</li><li>To outsource all or part of the IT services from a specific company.</li></ul>\r\nThere is a relatively unclear line between management consulting and IT consulting. There are sometimes overlaps between the two fields, but IT consultants often have degrees in computer science, electronics, technology, or management information systems while management consultants often have degrees in accounting, economics, Industrial Engineering, finance, or a generalized MBA (Masters in Business Administration).\r\nAccording to the Institute for Partner Education &amp; Development, IT consultants' revenues come predominantly from design and planning based consulting with a mixture of IT and business consulting. This is different from a systems integrator in that you do not normally take title to product. Their value comes from their ability to integrate and support technologies as well as determining product and brands. ","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Who is an information technology (IT) consultant?</span>\r\nAn information technology consultant is a third-party service provider who is qualified to advise clients on the best use of IT to meet specific business requirements. IT consultants may work with a professional IT consultancy firm or as independent contractors. They may conduct a business needs assessment and develop an information systems solution that meets the organization's objectives.\r\nSome information technology consultants emphasize technical issues while others help organizations use IT to manage business processes. Still others specialize in a specific IT area such as information security.\r\nIT consultants need a deep knowledge of both business and information technology. A bachelor's degree in management information systems, computer science, or information science is the typical path into a technical consultancy career. IT certifications supplement this foundation with specialized technical training. Information technology degree and certification programs are available online to accommodate working IT professionals.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are the prerequisites and major obstacles?</span>\r\nOnce a business owner defined the needs to take a business to the next level, a decision maker will define a scope, cost and a time-frame of the project. The role of the IT consultancy company is to support and nurture the company from the very beginning of the project until the end, and deliver the project not only in the scope, time and cost but also with complete customer satisfaction.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Project scoping and planning</span></span>\r\nThe usual problem is that a business owner doesn't know the detail of what the project is going to deliver until it starts the process. In many cases, the incremental effort in some projects can lead to significant financial loss.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Business process and system design</span></span>\r\nThe scope of a project is linked intimately to the proposed business processes and systems that the project is going to deliver. Regardless of whether the project is to launch a new product range or discontinue unprofitable parts of the business, the change will have some impact on business processes and systems. The documentation of your business processes and system requirements are as fundamental to project scoping as an architects plans would be to the costing and scoping of the construction of a building.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Project management support</span></span>\r\nThe most successful business projects are always those that are driven by an employee who has the authority, vision and influence to drive the required changes in a business. It is highly unlikely that a business owner (decision maker or similar) will realize the changes unless one has one of these people in the employment. However, the project leadership role typically requires significant experience and skills which are not usually found within a company focused on day-to-day operations. Due to this requirement within more significant business change projects/programs, outside expertise is often sought from firms which can bring this specific skill set to the company.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the skills of IT-consulting?</span>\r\nAn IT consultant needs to possess the following skills:\r\n<ul><li>Advisory skills</li><li>Technical skills</li><li>Business skills</li><li>Communication skills</li><li>Management skills</li><li>Advisory language skills</li><li>Business and management language skills</li><li>Technical language skills</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_IT_Consulting.png"},{"id":834,"title":"IoT - Internet of Things Security","alias":"iot-internet-of-things-security","description":" IoT security is the technology area concerned with safeguarding connected devices and networks in the internet of things (IoT).\r\nIoT involves adding internet connectivity to a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals and/or people. Each &quot;thing&quot; is provided a unique identifier and the ability to automatically transfer data over a network. Allowing devices to connect to the internet opens them up to a number of serious vulnerabilities if they are not properly protected.\r\nIoT security has become the subject of scrutiny after a number of high-profile incidents where a common IoT device was used to infiltrate and attack the larger network. Implementing security measures is critical to ensuring the safety of networks with IoT devices connected to them.\r\nIoT security hacks can happen in any industry, from smart home to a manufacturing plant to a connected car. The severity of impact depends greatly on the individual system, the data collected and/or the information it contains.\r\nAn attack disabling the brakes of a connected car, for example, or on a connected health device, such as an insulin pump hacked to administer too much medication to a patient, can be life-threatening. Likewise, an attack on a refrigeration system housing medicine that is monitored by an IoT system can ruin the viability of a medicine if temperatures fluctuate. Similarly, an attack on critical infrastructure -- an oil well, energy grid or water supply -- can be disastrous.\r\nSo, a robust IoT security portfolio must allow protecting devices from all types of vulnerabilities while deploying the security level that best matches application needs. Cryptography technologies are used to combat communication attacks. Security services are offered for protecting against lifecycle attacks. Isolation measures can be implemented to fend off software attacks. And, finally, IoT security should include tamper mitigation and side-channel attack mitigation technologies for fighting physical attacks of the chip.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the key requirements of IoT Security?</span>\r\nThe key requirements for any IoT security solution are:\r\n<ul><li>Device and data security, including authentication of devices and confidentiality and integrity of data</li><li>Implementing and running security operations at IoT scale</li><li>Meeting compliance requirements and requests</li><li>Meeting performance requirements as per the use case</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What do connected devices require to participate in the IoT Securely?</span>\r\nTo securely participate in the IoT, each connected device needs a unique identification – even before it has an IP address. This digital credential establishes the root of trust for the device’s entire lifecycle, from initial design to deployment to retirement.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is device authentication necessary for the IoT?</span>\r\nStrong IoT device authentication is required to ensure connected devices on the IoT can be trusted to be what they purport to be. Consequently, each IoT device needs a unique identity that can be authenticated when the device attempts to connect to a gateway or central server. With this unique ID in place, IT system administrators can track each device throughout its lifecycle, communicate securely with it, and prevent it from executing harmful processes. If a device exhibits unexpected behavior, administrators can simply revoke its privileges.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is secure manufacturing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nIoT devices produced through unsecured manufacturing processes provide criminals opportunities to change production runs to introduce unauthorized code or produce additional units that are subsequently sold on the black market.\r\nOne way to secure manufacturing processes is to use hardware security modules (HSMs) and supporting security software to inject cryptographic keys and digital certificates and to control the number of units built and the code incorporated into each.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is code signing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nTo protect businesses, brands, partners, and users from software that has been infected by malware, software developers have adopted code signing. In the IoT, code signing in the software release process ensures the integrity of IoT device software and firmware updates and defends against the risks associated with code tampering or code that deviates from organizational policies.\r\nIn public key cryptography, code signing is a specific use of certificate-based digital signatures that enables an organization to verify the identity of the software publisher and certify the software has not been changed since it was published.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is IoT PKI?</span>\r\nToday there are more things (devices) online than there are people on the planet! Devices are the number one users of the Internet and need digital identities for secure operation. As enterprises seek to transform their business models to stay competitive, rapid adoption of IoT technologies is creating increasing demand for Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) to provide digital certificates for the growing number of devices and the software and firmware they run.\r\nSafe IoT deployments require not only trusting the devices to be authentic and to be who they say they are, but also trusting that the data they collect is real and not altered. If one cannot trust the IoT devices and the data, there is no point in collecting, running analytics, and executing decisions based on the information collected.\r\nSecure adoption of IoT requires:\r\n<ul><li>Enabling mutual authentication between connected devices and applications</li><li>Maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of the data collected by devices</li><li>Ensuring the legitimacy and integrity of the software downloaded to devices</li><li>Preserving the privacy of sensitive data in light of stricter security regulations</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/iot.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":3458,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Phoenix-RTOS.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Phoenix-RTOS","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"phoenix-rtos","companyTitle":"Atende Software Sp. z o.o.","companyTypes":["vendor"],"companyId":5179,"companyAlias":"atende-software-sp-z-oo","description":"Phoenix-RTOS is an open-source, microkernel-based, real-time operating system for resource-constrained devices.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">OS written from scratch</span>\r\nBased on several decades of development in the field of operating systems it was possible to create from scratch fully featured, effective microkernel with clean design and compact source code.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">OS for software-defined solutions</span>\r\nThe software-defined solution era is rising. Advanced functionalities restricted to specialized chips (ASICs) now can be implemented in software. Phoenix-RTOS is an ideal platform for software-defined IoT communication stacks and other applications with real-time processing requirements.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">OS with many faces</span>\r\nBased on one microkernel many operating system version could be created. The smallest version can occupy tens of kilobytes and work on resource constrained devices. Adding emulation servers it is possible to scale it out and create UN*X application environment.","shortDescription":"Phoenix-RTOS is the next generation operating system for the Internet of Things.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":10,"sellingCount":14,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Phoenix-RTOS","keywords":"","description":"Phoenix-RTOS is an open-source, microkernel-based, real-time operating system for resource-constrained devices.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">OS written from scratch</span>\r\nBased on several decades of development in the field of operating systems it was p","og:title":"Phoenix-RTOS","og:description":"Phoenix-RTOS is an open-source, microkernel-based, real-time operating system for resource-constrained devices.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">OS written from scratch</span>\r\nBased on several decades of development in the field of operating systems it was p","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Phoenix-RTOS.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":3459,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":293,"title":"System Software","alias":"system-software","description":" System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer’s hardware and application programs. If we think of the computer system as a layered model, the system software is the interface between the hardware and user applications. The operating system (OS) is the best-known example of system software. The OS manages all the other programs on a computer.\r\nOther examples of system software include:\r\n<ul><li>The BIOS (basic input/output system) gets the computer system started after you turn it on and manages the data flow between the operating system and attached devices such as the hard disk, video adapter, keyboard, mouse and printer.</li><li>The boot program loads the operating system into the computer's main memory or random access memory (RAM).</li><li>An assembler takes basic computer instructions and converts them into a pattern of bits that the computer's processor can use to perform its basic operations.</li><li>A device driver controls a particular type of device that is attached to your computers, such as a keyboard or a mouse. The driver program converts the more general input/output instructions of the operating system to messages that the device type can understand.</li></ul>\r\nAdditionally, system software can also include system utilities, such as the disk defragmenter and System Restore, and development tools, such as compilers and debuggers.\r\nSystem software and application programs are the two main types of computer software. Unlike system software, an application program (often just called an application or app) performs a particular function for the user. Examples include browsers, email clients, word processors, and spreadsheets.","materialsDescription":" \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is system software?</span>\r\nSystem software is software designed to provide a platform for other software. Examples of system software include operating systems like macOS, GNU/Linux and Microsoft Windows, computational science software, game engines, industrial automation, and software as a service applications.\r\nIn contrast to system software, software that allows users to do user-oriented tasks such as create text documents, play games, listen to music, or browse the web are collectively referred to as application software.\r\nIn the early days of computing most application software was custom-written by computer users to fit their specific hardware and requirements. In contrast, system software was usually supplied by the manufacturer of the computer hardware and was intended to be used by most or all users of that system.\r\nThe line where the distinction should be drawn is not always clear. Many operating systems bundle[jargon] application software. Such software is not considered system software when it can be uninstalled usually without affecting the functioning of other software. Exceptions could be e.g. web browsers such as Internet Explorer where Microsoft argued in court that it was system software that could not be uninstalled. Later examples are Chrome OS and Firefox OS where the browser functions as the only user interface and the only way to run programs (and other web browsers can not be installed in their place), then they can well be argued to be (part of) the operating system and hence system software.\r\nAnother borderline example is cloud-based software. This software provides services to a software client (usually a web browser or a JavaScript application running in the web browser), not to the user directly, and is therefore systems software. It is also developed using system programming methodologies and systems programming languages. Yet from the perspective of functionality there is little difference between a word processing application and word processing web application.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Operating systems or system control program</span>\r\nThe operating system (prominent examples being Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, and z/OS), allows the parts of a computer to work together by performing tasks like transferring data between memory and disks or rendering output onto a display device. It provides a platform (hardware abstraction layer) to run high-level system software and application software.\r\nA kernel is the core part of the operating system that defines an API for applications programs (including some system software) and an interface to device drivers.\r\nDevice drivers, including also computer BIOS and device firmware, provide basic functionality to operate and control the hardware connected to or built into the computer.\r\nA user interface &quot;allows users to interact with a computer.&quot; Either a command-line interface (CLI) or, since the 1980s a graphical user interface (GUI). Since this is the part of the operating system the user directly interacts with, it may be considered an application and therefore not system software.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Utility software or system support programs</span>\r\nFor historical reasons, some organizations use the term systems programmer to describe a job function which is more accurately termed systems administrator. Software tools these employees use are then called system software. This so-called Utility software helps to analyze, configure, optimize and maintain the computer, such as virus protection. In some publications, the term system software also includes software development tools (like a compiler, linker or debugger).","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_System_and_Network_Management_Software.png"},{"id":479,"title":"System Infrastructure Software","alias":"system-infrastructure-software","description":" System infrastructure software is a type of enterprise software or program designed to increase the IT performance of any organization. It provides various solutions to enterprises such as workforce support, business transactions, and internal services &amp; processes. This software is used by various industry verticals to operate business functions efficiently and smoothly.\r\nAdvancements in cloud technologies and virtualization are expected to boost the market. Further, the rise in demand for automation and integrated approach in the business process is also anticipated to fuel the market. However, high implementation costs and the absence of a standardized framework are expected to hinder the growth of the market. Moreover, the adoption of bringing your own device (BYOD) is a major opportunity for key players in the system infrastructure software market.\r\nThe system infrastructure software market is segmented on the basis of type, application, industry vertical, and geography. Based on the type, the market is divided into system &amp; network management software, security software, storage software, and system software. By application, the market is classified into building management systems, cloud integration, data center infrastructure management, integrated communication, network integration, and others. By industry vertical, the market is categorized into banking, financial services and insurance (BFSI), telecommunications &amp; IT, transportation &amp; logistics, oil &amp; gas, manufacturing, retail, and others. By geography, it is analyzed across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA.<br /><br />","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">System Infrastructure Software Market Key Segments:</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">By Type</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>System &amp; Network Management Software</li><li>Security Software</li><li>Storage Software</li><li>System Software</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">By Application</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>Building Management System</li><li>Cloud Integration</li><li>Data Center Infrastructure Management</li><li>Integrated Communication</li><li>Network Integration</li><li>Others</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">By Industry Vertical</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>Banking, Financial Services and Insurance (BFSI)</li><li>Telecommunications &amp; IT</li><li>Transportation &amp; Logistics</li><li>Oil &amp; Gas</li><li>Manufacturing</li><li>Retail</li><li>Others </li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_System_Infrastructure_Software.png"},{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"},{"id":834,"title":"IoT - Internet of Things Security","alias":"iot-internet-of-things-security","description":" IoT security is the technology area concerned with safeguarding connected devices and networks in the internet of things (IoT).\r\nIoT involves adding internet connectivity to a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals and/or people. Each &quot;thing&quot; is provided a unique identifier and the ability to automatically transfer data over a network. Allowing devices to connect to the internet opens them up to a number of serious vulnerabilities if they are not properly protected.\r\nIoT security has become the subject of scrutiny after a number of high-profile incidents where a common IoT device was used to infiltrate and attack the larger network. Implementing security measures is critical to ensuring the safety of networks with IoT devices connected to them.\r\nIoT security hacks can happen in any industry, from smart home to a manufacturing plant to a connected car. The severity of impact depends greatly on the individual system, the data collected and/or the information it contains.\r\nAn attack disabling the brakes of a connected car, for example, or on a connected health device, such as an insulin pump hacked to administer too much medication to a patient, can be life-threatening. Likewise, an attack on a refrigeration system housing medicine that is monitored by an IoT system can ruin the viability of a medicine if temperatures fluctuate. Similarly, an attack on critical infrastructure -- an oil well, energy grid or water supply -- can be disastrous.\r\nSo, a robust IoT security portfolio must allow protecting devices from all types of vulnerabilities while deploying the security level that best matches application needs. Cryptography technologies are used to combat communication attacks. Security services are offered for protecting against lifecycle attacks. Isolation measures can be implemented to fend off software attacks. And, finally, IoT security should include tamper mitigation and side-channel attack mitigation technologies for fighting physical attacks of the chip.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the key requirements of IoT Security?</span>\r\nThe key requirements for any IoT security solution are:\r\n<ul><li>Device and data security, including authentication of devices and confidentiality and integrity of data</li><li>Implementing and running security operations at IoT scale</li><li>Meeting compliance requirements and requests</li><li>Meeting performance requirements as per the use case</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What do connected devices require to participate in the IoT Securely?</span>\r\nTo securely participate in the IoT, each connected device needs a unique identification – even before it has an IP address. This digital credential establishes the root of trust for the device’s entire lifecycle, from initial design to deployment to retirement.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is device authentication necessary for the IoT?</span>\r\nStrong IoT device authentication is required to ensure connected devices on the IoT can be trusted to be what they purport to be. Consequently, each IoT device needs a unique identity that can be authenticated when the device attempts to connect to a gateway or central server. With this unique ID in place, IT system administrators can track each device throughout its lifecycle, communicate securely with it, and prevent it from executing harmful processes. If a device exhibits unexpected behavior, administrators can simply revoke its privileges.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is secure manufacturing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nIoT devices produced through unsecured manufacturing processes provide criminals opportunities to change production runs to introduce unauthorized code or produce additional units that are subsequently sold on the black market.\r\nOne way to secure manufacturing processes is to use hardware security modules (HSMs) and supporting security software to inject cryptographic keys and digital certificates and to control the number of units built and the code incorporated into each.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is code signing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nTo protect businesses, brands, partners, and users from software that has been infected by malware, software developers have adopted code signing. In the IoT, code signing in the software release process ensures the integrity of IoT device software and firmware updates and defends against the risks associated with code tampering or code that deviates from organizational policies.\r\nIn public key cryptography, code signing is a specific use of certificate-based digital signatures that enables an organization to verify the identity of the software publisher and certify the software has not been changed since it was published.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is IoT PKI?</span>\r\nToday there are more things (devices) online than there are people on the planet! Devices are the number one users of the Internet and need digital identities for secure operation. As enterprises seek to transform their business models to stay competitive, rapid adoption of IoT technologies is creating increasing demand for Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) to provide digital certificates for the growing number of devices and the software and firmware they run.\r\nSafe IoT deployments require not only trusting the devices to be authentic and to be who they say they are, but also trusting that the data they collect is real and not altered. If one cannot trust the IoT devices and the data, there is no point in collecting, running analytics, and executing decisions based on the information collected.\r\nSecure adoption of IoT requires:\r\n<ul><li>Enabling mutual authentication between connected devices and applications</li><li>Maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of the data collected by devices</li><li>Ensuring the legitimacy and integrity of the software downloaded to devices</li><li>Preserving the privacy of sensitive data in light of stricter security regulations</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/iot.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":3992,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/Cococure-min.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Cococure Mobile App and Website Development","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"cococure-mobile-app-and-website-development","companyTitle":"Softermii","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":6178,"companyAlias":"softermii-inc","description":"<div class=\"expanding-formatter-summary byword-block\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; display: inline !important;\">\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 20px;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;\">Client:</span></p>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 20px;\">Cococure is a networking app for Africans in Great Britain. It connects people that attend events in the same location and lets them chat after they connect. Aside from being a networking tool, Cococure also works as an event ticketing platform.</p>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 20px;\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 20px;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;\">Challenge:</span></p>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; display: inline; line-height: 20px;\">Typical networking instruments such as chat, matching, and referral credits needed to be seamlessly connected with event</p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"expanding-formatter-content\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; color: #666666; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;\">&nbsp;industry functionality (managing photos, tagging, buying tickets, and geolocation). Additionally, it was important to protect personal data.\r\n<div class=\"expanding-formatter-content\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; color: #666666; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;\">&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"expanding-formatter-content\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; color: #666666; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;\">&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"expanding-formatter-content\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; color: #666666; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;\">\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 20px;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;\">Solution:</span></p>\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; line-height: 20px;\">With up to 5000 downloads from Google Play, Cococure has the acclaim of a top mashup for events in London and a network for meeting new people across Great Britain. Thousands of people are now a swipe away from a lost friend, a new connection or a business partner.</p>\r\n","shortDescription":"Cococure app helps people to connect and chat if they attended the same event and even to book and purchase tickets for future events.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":19,"sellingCount":6,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Cococure Mobile App and Website Development","keywords":"","description":"<div class=\"expanding-formatter-summary byword-block\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; display: inline !important;\">\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 20px;\"><span style=\"box-si","og:title":"Cococure Mobile App and Website Development","og:description":"<div class=\"expanding-formatter-summary byword-block\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; display: inline !important;\">\r\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; line-height: 20px;\"><span style=\"box-si","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/content/Cococure-min.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":3992,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"},{"id":538,"title":"Services","alias":"services","description":" Service - any activity or work that one party can offer the other, characterized by the absence of the proposed material tangibility of such activities and not expressed in possession of something.\r\nA service from the point of view of marketing is a sale object in the form of an artist’s action, bringing benefits to the consumer or a useful result. In the process of providing services, a new, previously non-existent material product is not created, but the quality of an existing, created product changes. These are goods provided not in the form of commodities or exchange, but in the form of activities. The very provision of services creates the desired result for the consumer.\r\nServices have four main characteristics that significantly affect the development of marketing programs:\r\n<ul><li>intangibility - it is impossible to demonstrate, see, try, transport, store, pack or study. All this is possible only in relation to the final result (it was - it became);</li><li>inseparability - a service can be provided only when an order arrives or a client appears, i.e. services are provided and consumed simultaneously;</li><li>variability (non-standardization) - customers are direct participants in the service process and affect its final result;</li><li>impossibility of storage - unlike tangible goods, they cannot be made for future use.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of services?</span>\r\nThe provision (provision) of services may include, for example, the following:\r\n<ul><li>activities carried out on material products supplied by the consumer (for example, repair of a faulty car);</li><li>activities carried out on intangible products supplied by the consumer (for example, preparing a statement of income required to determine the amount of tax);</li><li>the provision of intangible products (for example, information in the sense of knowledge transfer);</li><li>creating favorable conditions for consumers (for example, in hotels and restaurants).</li></ul>\r\nThe services provided to the population, by appointment, are divided into material and socio-cultural:\r\n<ul><li>Material service - a service to satisfy the material and domestic needs of a consumer of services. It provides restoration (change, preservation) of consumer properties of products or the manufacture of new products by orders of citizens, as well as the movement of goods and people, the creation of conditions for consumption. In particular, material services may include household services related to the repair and manufacture of products, housing and communal services, catering services, transportation services, etc.</li><li>Socio-cultural service (intangible service) - a service to satisfy spiritual, intellectual needs and the maintenance of normal consumer life. Provides maintenance and restoration of health, spiritual and physical development of the individual, increasing professional skills. Social and cultural services cannot include medical care and compulsory educational process.</li></ul>\r\nServices can be: private or commercial, voluntary or forced, paid or free, instant or long-term, mutual and anonymous, public, etc.\r\nThe generalizing category, which includes all types of commercial and non-commercial services and is part of the economy, is the service sector.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Service Examples</span>\r\nRealtor services - services of a realtor, real estate agent, aimed at satisfying the needs of the client when performing operations to manage real estate, as well as creating additional benefits for the client when carrying out operations with real estate (additional income or an additional increase in the value of real estate both in the short and long term), the receipt of which would be impossible without the participation of a realtor (real estate agent) and the use of special professional tools and skills. At the same time, the effectiveness of the realtor (real estate agent) is estimated by the value of the benefit received by the client, and his remuneration is only part of it.\r\nLegal services - the services of a lawyer and attorney in many cases are vital, therefore, the choice of performers for their provision should be with particular seriousness and responsibility. The main areas of lawyer and advocate services:\r\n<ul><li>Comprehensive legal services for organizations of various forms of ownership;</li><li>Arbitration - representing the interests of organizations in arbitration courts;</li><li>Representation of interests of companies in courts of various instances;</li><li>Professional legal support of transactions and contracts of organizations;</li><li>Services to legal entities related to bankruptcy of enterprises;</li><li>Services of professional lawyers in returning and collecting debts;</li><li>Representation of interests of organizations in the event of tax disputes;</li><li>Processes related to registration of the inheritance;</li><li>Services of a professional lawyer in the event of a traffic accident (Legal assistance in road accidents);</li><li>Services of a lawyer and advocate in the event of housing disputes;</li><li>Family lawyer services;</li><li>Providing the services of a lawyer and criminal lawyer;</li><li>Ensuring consumer protection.</li></ul>\r\nAccounting services are necessary for both newly opened companies and existing structures that need to establish an accounting service or monitor the work of a full-time accountant. Accounting services are also relevant in the case of business expansion, as new employees appear in the company, salaries are revised, and associated costs arise. Professional accounting services are the foundation of successful business activities, ensuring the prosperity of the business due to the precise control of all financial resources of the company.\r\nPsychological assistance services.\r\nIT-services (IT-services, IT-services; including IT-consulting) - services related to assisting in the development of computer literacy of users, training them in new software products. The list of services also includes services for installation, updating and maintenance of software products and computer equipment.\r\nInformation Services.\r\nand etc.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Services.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":3484,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Business_Risk_Intelligence.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Business Risk Intelligence & Cyberthreat Awareness","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"business-risk-intelligence-cyberthreat-awareness","companyTitle":"Business Risk Intelligence","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":5190,"companyAlias":"business-risk-intelligence","description":"Business Risk Intelligence allows you to assume a more strategic position in the war against cybercrime. This enables you to better understand the threatscape, including expected attack trends and threat exposure. Resulting in recognizing attacks before they are happening in real-time and identifying new threats the moment they emerge.\r\nBRI is a Global Threat Intelligence, Risk Awareness and Early Warning Service, alerting you on ANY new risk potentially affecting your infrastructure, assets, staff, board, confidential data, and your organizations' reputation. Providing you with that precious awareness, knowledge and extra time to safeguard against and respond effectively to new threats your organization may be faced with.","shortDescription":"Business Risk Intelligence & Cyberthreat Awareness - your complete one-stop resource for Relevant, Focused, Timely and Actionable Risk Intelligence.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":18,"sellingCount":18,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Business Risk Intelligence & Cyberthreat Awareness","keywords":"","description":"Business Risk Intelligence allows you to assume a more strategic position in the war against cybercrime. This enables you to better understand the threatscape, including expected attack trends and threat exposure. Resulting in recognizing attacks before they a","og:title":"Business Risk Intelligence & Cyberthreat Awareness","og:description":"Business Risk Intelligence allows you to assume a more strategic position in the war against cybercrime. This enables you to better understand the threatscape, including expected attack trends and threat exposure. Resulting in recognizing attacks before they a","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Business_Risk_Intelligence.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":3485,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"},{"id":834,"title":"IoT - Internet of Things Security","alias":"iot-internet-of-things-security","description":" IoT security is the technology area concerned with safeguarding connected devices and networks in the internet of things (IoT).\r\nIoT involves adding internet connectivity to a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals and/or people. Each &quot;thing&quot; is provided a unique identifier and the ability to automatically transfer data over a network. Allowing devices to connect to the internet opens them up to a number of serious vulnerabilities if they are not properly protected.\r\nIoT security has become the subject of scrutiny after a number of high-profile incidents where a common IoT device was used to infiltrate and attack the larger network. Implementing security measures is critical to ensuring the safety of networks with IoT devices connected to them.\r\nIoT security hacks can happen in any industry, from smart home to a manufacturing plant to a connected car. The severity of impact depends greatly on the individual system, the data collected and/or the information it contains.\r\nAn attack disabling the brakes of a connected car, for example, or on a connected health device, such as an insulin pump hacked to administer too much medication to a patient, can be life-threatening. Likewise, an attack on a refrigeration system housing medicine that is monitored by an IoT system can ruin the viability of a medicine if temperatures fluctuate. Similarly, an attack on critical infrastructure -- an oil well, energy grid or water supply -- can be disastrous.\r\nSo, a robust IoT security portfolio must allow protecting devices from all types of vulnerabilities while deploying the security level that best matches application needs. Cryptography technologies are used to combat communication attacks. Security services are offered for protecting against lifecycle attacks. Isolation measures can be implemented to fend off software attacks. And, finally, IoT security should include tamper mitigation and side-channel attack mitigation technologies for fighting physical attacks of the chip.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the key requirements of IoT Security?</span>\r\nThe key requirements for any IoT security solution are:\r\n<ul><li>Device and data security, including authentication of devices and confidentiality and integrity of data</li><li>Implementing and running security operations at IoT scale</li><li>Meeting compliance requirements and requests</li><li>Meeting performance requirements as per the use case</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What do connected devices require to participate in the IoT Securely?</span>\r\nTo securely participate in the IoT, each connected device needs a unique identification – even before it has an IP address. This digital credential establishes the root of trust for the device’s entire lifecycle, from initial design to deployment to retirement.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is device authentication necessary for the IoT?</span>\r\nStrong IoT device authentication is required to ensure connected devices on the IoT can be trusted to be what they purport to be. Consequently, each IoT device needs a unique identity that can be authenticated when the device attempts to connect to a gateway or central server. With this unique ID in place, IT system administrators can track each device throughout its lifecycle, communicate securely with it, and prevent it from executing harmful processes. If a device exhibits unexpected behavior, administrators can simply revoke its privileges.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is secure manufacturing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nIoT devices produced through unsecured manufacturing processes provide criminals opportunities to change production runs to introduce unauthorized code or produce additional units that are subsequently sold on the black market.\r\nOne way to secure manufacturing processes is to use hardware security modules (HSMs) and supporting security software to inject cryptographic keys and digital certificates and to control the number of units built and the code incorporated into each.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is code signing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nTo protect businesses, brands, partners, and users from software that has been infected by malware, software developers have adopted code signing. In the IoT, code signing in the software release process ensures the integrity of IoT device software and firmware updates and defends against the risks associated with code tampering or code that deviates from organizational policies.\r\nIn public key cryptography, code signing is a specific use of certificate-based digital signatures that enables an organization to verify the identity of the software publisher and certify the software has not been changed since it was published.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is IoT PKI?</span>\r\nToday there are more things (devices) online than there are people on the planet! Devices are the number one users of the Internet and need digital identities for secure operation. As enterprises seek to transform their business models to stay competitive, rapid adoption of IoT technologies is creating increasing demand for Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) to provide digital certificates for the growing number of devices and the software and firmware they run.\r\nSafe IoT deployments require not only trusting the devices to be authentic and to be who they say they are, but also trusting that the data they collect is real and not altered. If one cannot trust the IoT devices and the data, there is no point in collecting, running analytics, and executing decisions based on the information collected.\r\nSecure adoption of IoT requires:\r\n<ul><li>Enabling mutual authentication between connected devices and applications</li><li>Maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of the data collected by devices</li><li>Ensuring the legitimacy and integrity of the software downloaded to devices</li><li>Preserving the privacy of sensitive data in light of stricter security regulations</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/iot.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":3490,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/cloud_technology_partners_logo.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"CTP Digital Innovation Solutions","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"ctp-digital-innovation-solutions","companyTitle":"Cloud Technology Partners","companyTypes":["supplier"],"companyId":5193,"companyAlias":"cloud-technology-partners","description":"We specialize in building cloud-based software solutions that solve the most challenging problems today’s enterprises face. Whether it’s an IoT system that improves the reliability of locomotives or a big data analytics platform that predicts agricultural yields, the more complex and technology-intensive your project, the more we like working on it.\r\nCTP delivers a broad range of IoT consulting and implementation services that use the power of the cloud to solve today’s most challenging business problems.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Cloud Native Development</span>\r\nBuild cloud-native software solutions that scales dynamically to meet your global business needs.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Application Modernization</span>\r\nModernize your application for the cloud to improve performance, scalability and security.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Big Data &amp; Analytics</span>\r\nMake better decisions by leveraging the power of the cloud to turn data into insights.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">New Tools &amp; Technologies</span>\r\nStay ahead of the technology curve using Blockchain, Machine Learning and more.","shortDescription":"Build cloud-native software to rapidly scale and grow your business.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":4,"sellingCount":13,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"CTP Digital Innovation Solutions","keywords":"","description":"We specialize in building cloud-based software solutions that solve the most challenging problems today’s enterprises face. Whether it’s an IoT system that improves the reliability of locomotives or a big data analytics platform that predicts agricultural yiel","og:title":"CTP Digital Innovation Solutions","og:description":"We specialize in building cloud-based software solutions that solve the most challenging problems today’s enterprises face. Whether it’s an IoT system that improves the reliability of locomotives or a big data analytics platform that predicts agricultural yiel","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/cloud_technology_partners_logo.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":3491,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":538,"title":"Services","alias":"services","description":" Service - any activity or work that one party can offer the other, characterized by the absence of the proposed material tangibility of such activities and not expressed in possession of something.\r\nA service from the point of view of marketing is a sale object in the form of an artist’s action, bringing benefits to the consumer or a useful result. In the process of providing services, a new, previously non-existent material product is not created, but the quality of an existing, created product changes. These are goods provided not in the form of commodities or exchange, but in the form of activities. The very provision of services creates the desired result for the consumer.\r\nServices have four main characteristics that significantly affect the development of marketing programs:\r\n<ul><li>intangibility - it is impossible to demonstrate, see, try, transport, store, pack or study. All this is possible only in relation to the final result (it was - it became);</li><li>inseparability - a service can be provided only when an order arrives or a client appears, i.e. services are provided and consumed simultaneously;</li><li>variability (non-standardization) - customers are direct participants in the service process and affect its final result;</li><li>impossibility of storage - unlike tangible goods, they cannot be made for future use.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of services?</span>\r\nThe provision (provision) of services may include, for example, the following:\r\n<ul><li>activities carried out on material products supplied by the consumer (for example, repair of a faulty car);</li><li>activities carried out on intangible products supplied by the consumer (for example, preparing a statement of income required to determine the amount of tax);</li><li>the provision of intangible products (for example, information in the sense of knowledge transfer);</li><li>creating favorable conditions for consumers (for example, in hotels and restaurants).</li></ul>\r\nThe services provided to the population, by appointment, are divided into material and socio-cultural:\r\n<ul><li>Material service - a service to satisfy the material and domestic needs of a consumer of services. It provides restoration (change, preservation) of consumer properties of products or the manufacture of new products by orders of citizens, as well as the movement of goods and people, the creation of conditions for consumption. In particular, material services may include household services related to the repair and manufacture of products, housing and communal services, catering services, transportation services, etc.</li><li>Socio-cultural service (intangible service) - a service to satisfy spiritual, intellectual needs and the maintenance of normal consumer life. Provides maintenance and restoration of health, spiritual and physical development of the individual, increasing professional skills. Social and cultural services cannot include medical care and compulsory educational process.</li></ul>\r\nServices can be: private or commercial, voluntary or forced, paid or free, instant or long-term, mutual and anonymous, public, etc.\r\nThe generalizing category, which includes all types of commercial and non-commercial services and is part of the economy, is the service sector.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Service Examples</span>\r\nRealtor services - services of a realtor, real estate agent, aimed at satisfying the needs of the client when performing operations to manage real estate, as well as creating additional benefits for the client when carrying out operations with real estate (additional income or an additional increase in the value of real estate both in the short and long term), the receipt of which would be impossible without the participation of a realtor (real estate agent) and the use of special professional tools and skills. At the same time, the effectiveness of the realtor (real estate agent) is estimated by the value of the benefit received by the client, and his remuneration is only part of it.\r\nLegal services - the services of a lawyer and attorney in many cases are vital, therefore, the choice of performers for their provision should be with particular seriousness and responsibility. The main areas of lawyer and advocate services:\r\n<ul><li>Comprehensive legal services for organizations of various forms of ownership;</li><li>Arbitration - representing the interests of organizations in arbitration courts;</li><li>Representation of interests of companies in courts of various instances;</li><li>Professional legal support of transactions and contracts of organizations;</li><li>Services to legal entities related to bankruptcy of enterprises;</li><li>Services of professional lawyers in returning and collecting debts;</li><li>Representation of interests of organizations in the event of tax disputes;</li><li>Processes related to registration of the inheritance;</li><li>Services of a professional lawyer in the event of a traffic accident (Legal assistance in road accidents);</li><li>Services of a lawyer and advocate in the event of housing disputes;</li><li>Family lawyer services;</li><li>Providing the services of a lawyer and criminal lawyer;</li><li>Ensuring consumer protection.</li></ul>\r\nAccounting services are necessary for both newly opened companies and existing structures that need to establish an accounting service or monitor the work of a full-time accountant. Accounting services are also relevant in the case of business expansion, as new employees appear in the company, salaries are revised, and associated costs arise. Professional accounting services are the foundation of successful business activities, ensuring the prosperity of the business due to the precise control of all financial resources of the company.\r\nPsychological assistance services.\r\nIT-services (IT-services, IT-services; including IT-consulting) - services related to assisting in the development of computer literacy of users, training them in new software products. The list of services also includes services for installation, updating and maintenance of software products and computer equipment.\r\nInformation Services.\r\nand etc.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Services.png"},{"id":591,"title":"Software Development","alias":"software-development","description":" Software development is the process of conceiving, specifying, designing, programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing involved in creating and maintaining applications, frameworks, or other software components. Software development is a process of writing and maintaining the source code, but in a broader sense, it includes all that is involved between the conception of the desired software through to the final manifestation of the software, sometimes in a planned and structured process. Therefore, software development may include research, new development, prototyping, modification, reuse, re-engineering, maintenance, or any other activities that result in software products.\r\nSoftware can be developed for a variety of purposes, the three most common being to meet specific needs of a specific client/business (the case with custom software), to meet a perceived need of some set of potential users (the case with commercial and open-source software), or for personal use (e.g. a scientist may write software to automate a mundane task). Embedded software development, that is, the development of embedded software, such as used for controlling consumer products, requires the development process to be integrated with the development of the controlled physical product. System software underlies applications and the programming process itself and is often developed separately.\r\nThe need for better quality control of the software development process has given rise to the discipline of software engineering, which aims to apply the systematic approach exemplified in the engineering paradigm to the process of software development.\r\nThere are many approaches to software project management, known as software development life cycle models, methodologies, processes, or models. The waterfall model is a traditional version, contrasted with the more recent innovation of agile software development.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software development?</span>\r\nSoftware itself is the set of instructions or programs that tell a computer what to do. It is independent of hardware and makes computers programmable. There are three basic types:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">System software</span> to provide core functions such as operating systems, disk management, utilities, hardware management, and other operational necessities.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Programming software</span> to give programmers tools such as text editors, compilers, linkers, debuggers and other tools to create code.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Application software</span> (applications or apps) to help users perform tasks. Office productivity suites, data management software, media players and security programs are examples. Applications also refer to web and mobile applications like those used to shop on Amazon.com, socialize with Facebook or post pictures to Instagram.\r\nA possible fourth type is <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">embedded software.</span> Embedded systems software is used to control machines and devices not typically considered computers — telecommunications networks, cars, industrial robots and more. These devices, and their software, can be connected as part of the Internet of Things (IoT).\r\nSoftware development is primarily conducted by programmers, software engineers, and software developers. These roles interact and overlap, and the dynamics between them vary greatly across development departments and communities.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Programmers, or coders,</span> write source code to program computers for specific tasks like merging databases, processing online orders, routing communications, conducting searches or displaying text and graphics. Programmers typically interpret instructions from software developers and engineers and use programming languages like C++ or Java to carry them out.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Software engineers</span> apply engineering principles to build software and systems to solve problems. They use modeling language and other tools to devise solutions that can often be applied to problems in a general way, as opposed to merely solving for a specific instance or client. Software engineering solutions adhere to the scientific method and must work in the real world, as with bridges or elevators.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Software developers</span> have a less formal role than engineers and can be closely involved with specific project areas — including writing code. At the same time, they drive the overall software development lifecycle — including working across functional teams to transform requirements into features, managing development teams and processes, and conducting software testing and maintenance.\r\nThe work of software development isn’t confined to coders or development teams. Professionals such as scientists, device fabricators, and hardware makers also create software code even though they are not primarily software developers. Nor is it confined to traditional information technology industries such as software or semiconductor businesses. In fact, according to the Brookings Institute, those businesses “account for less than half of the companies performing software development.”\r\nAn important distinction is custom software development as opposed to commercial software development. Custom software development is the process of designing, creating, deploying and maintaining software for a specific set of users, functions or organizations. In contrast, commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS) is designed for a broad set of requirements, allowing it to be packaged and commercially marketed and distributed.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Steps in the software development process</span>\r\nDeveloping software typically involves the following steps:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Selecting a methodology</span> to establish a framework in which the steps of software development are applied. It describes an overall work process or roadmap for the project. Methodologies can include Agile development, DevOps, Rapid Application Development (RAD), Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe), Waterfall and others.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Gathering requirements</span> to understand and document what is required by users and other stakeholders.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Choosing or building architecture</span> as the underlying structure within which the software will operate.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Developing a design</span> around solutions to the problems presented by requirements, often involving process models and storyboards.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Constructing code</span> in the appropriate programming language. Involves peer and team review to eliminate problems early and produce quality software faster.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Testing</span> with pre-planned scenarios as part of software design and coding — and conducting performance testing to simulate load testing on the application.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Managing configuration and defects</span> to understand all the software artifacts (requirements, design, code, test) and build distinct versions of the software. Establish quality assurance priorities and release criteria to address and track defects.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Deploying</span> the software for use and responding to and resolving user problems.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Migrating data</span> to the new or updated software from existing applications or data sources if necessary.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Managing and measuring the project</span> to maintain quality and delivery over the application lifecycle, and to evaluate the development process with models such as the Capability Maturity Model (CMM).</li></ul>\r\nThe steps of the software development process fit into application lifecycle management.\r\n<ul><li>Requirements analysis and specification</li><li>Design and development</li><li>Testing</li><li>Deployment</li><li>Maintenance and support</li></ul>\r\nSoftware development process steps can be grouped into the phases of the lifecycle, but the importance of the lifecycle is that it recycles to enable continuous improvement. For example, user issues that surface in the maintenance and support phase can become requirements at the beginning of the next cycle.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is software development important?</span>\r\nSoftware development is important because it helps businesses differentiate themselves and be more competitive. It can improve customer experiences, bring more innovative, feature-rich products to market faster, and make operations more efficient, safe and productive.\r\nSoftware development is also important because it is pervasive.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software_Development.png"},{"id":717,"title":"Consulting","alias":"consulting","description":" Even large international companies often face difficulties in their work. This may be due to both external factors and internal problems. Most often, problems arise because of price fluctuations in the market, the appearance or departure of a competitor, but firms also have difficulties with the relations themselves between employees within the enterprise. Because of this, there is no opportunity and strength within the company to fight for their survival, therefore an excellent solution, in this case, would be to use consulting services.\r\nConsulting is a type of service, which essentially means consulting. One company or person provides services in solving certain problems to another company.\r\nThe issues that can be solved with the help of consulting are very diverse. Sometimes it can be a whole complex of tasks, and sometimes it is provided only in a narrow area. For example, accounting consulting is the involvement of a specialized company or employee to solve accounting problems. That is why, when they talk about the concept of consulting, there is no clear definition.\r\nConsulting services are the solution of organizational or managerial tasks within a firm with the help of external specialists. Professional consultants in a particular area are invited to work at a company. Experts evaluate the condition, see the cause of the problems and create a system for solving these errors.\r\nThe company turns to consulting, not only in the case when experiencing difficulties in development. Often the manager decides on the expansion, so an urgent need to increase the number of specialists. But even if hiring them to work, then it will be necessary to spend more months on training, control over the execution of tasks, and only after that set challenging tasks for them. And in a developing company there is not so much time.<br />Consulting firms are specialized companies that provide consulting services. There can work a staff of staff who simultaneously collaborate with different organizations.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of consulting services?</span>\r\nThere are basic types of consulting services:\r\n<link https://roi4cio.com/en/categories/category/it-Consulting/ - external-link-new-window \"Opens internal link in current window\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">IT consulting</span></link> is one of the newest and most sought-after types of consulting in Ukraine. This advice and assistance in the field of information technology. In fact, IT-consulting solves all the issues related to the Internet and information business processes.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Marketing consulting.</span> Not all companies can afford to open a marketing department or hire a professional employee who will solve these issues. And today it is necessary to engage in advertising, because this is the only way to stay on the market and be a leader. In many cases, marketing consulting services are provided along with IT consulting.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Legal consulting</span> is related to the solution of current tasks that are related to the state law. This will allow to properly evaluate the activities of the company and make the most profitable decisions. Legal advice is especially important during the expansion of the enterprise when it is necessary to open new branches or enter into agreements with intermediaries and suppliers.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Financial consulting</span> - services that are associated with the effective management of funds, the distribution of the budget within the company, as well as proper external investments.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Personnel consulting</span> assumes the establishment of internal relations between employees, the selection of new professionals who will meet the requirements of the company.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Who is engaged in consulting services?</span>\r\nThe task of consultants consulting firms include:\r\n<ul><li>Search for problems within the company.</li><li>Analysis of the enterprise.</li><li>Development of strategies and programs to solve the problems found.</li><li>Advice on any issues: management, accounting, logistics, finance, etc.</li></ul>\r\nConsultants have all the necessary knowledge to help small, medium or large businesses solve problems and quickly adapt to a constantly changing market or regularly growing competition.\r\nIn particular, consultants of consulting companies have the following knowledge:\r\n<ul><li>computer science (computer skills and various software);</li><li>marketing and advertising;</li><li>finance and accounting;</li><li>sales and management;</li><li>logistics and investment.</li></ul>\r\nThey must also understand personnel issues, environmental issues, as well as computer technology, basic software and more.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">When it is advisable to resort to consulting services:</span>\r\n<ol><li>If there are disagreements between partners in the business regarding the further development of the company, production, marketing, investments, etc.</li><li>When a business is in a critical situation, for example, on the verge of bankruptcy or bankruptcy, and the manager or entrepreneur is not able to solve the problems and save the company.</li><li>With the expansion of the business and its scaling. When work is planned on other regions of the country or even entering the international market.</li><li>When you need to find fresh ideas for the rapid promotion of a new service, product or product.</li><li>When the need arises to conduct an audit of a business to understand how effective it is and what are the future prospects in the current state of affairs.</li><li>When you plan to sell a business and you need to check all the important points.</li><li>In the absence of new ideas for the promotion of business, products, services or goods. Or to develop a new product, instead of an outdated or lost consumer demand.</li></ol>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Consulting.png"},{"id":718,"title":"IT Consulting","alias":"it-consulting","description":" In management, information technology consulting (also called IT consulting, computer consultancy, business and technology services, computing consultancy, technology consulting, and IT advisory) as a field of activity focuses on advising organizations on how best to use information technology (IT) in achieving their business objectives.\r\nThe IT consulting industry can be viewed as a Four-tier system:\r\n<ul><li>Professional services firms which maintain large professional workforces and command high bill rates.</li><li>Staffing firms, which place technologists with businesses on a temporary basis, typically in response to employee absences, temporary skill shortages and technical projects.</li><li>Independent consultants, who are self-employed or who function as employees of staffing firms (for US tax purposes, employed on Form W-2), or as independent contractors in their own right (for US tax purposes, on &quot;1099&quot;).</li><li>Information Technology security consultants</li></ul>\r\nThere are different reasons why consultants are called in:\r\n<ul><li>To gain external, objective advice and recommendations</li><li>To gain access to the consultants' specialized expertise</li><li>Temporary help during a one-time project where the hiring of a permanent employee(s) is not required or necessary</li><li>To outsource all or part of the IT services from a specific company.</li></ul>\r\nThere is a relatively unclear line between management consulting and IT consulting. There are sometimes overlaps between the two fields, but IT consultants often have degrees in computer science, electronics, technology, or management information systems while management consultants often have degrees in accounting, economics, Industrial Engineering, finance, or a generalized MBA (Masters in Business Administration).\r\nAccording to the Institute for Partner Education &amp; Development, IT consultants' revenues come predominantly from design and planning based consulting with a mixture of IT and business consulting. This is different from a systems integrator in that you do not normally take title to product. Their value comes from their ability to integrate and support technologies as well as determining product and brands. ","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Who is an information technology (IT) consultant?</span>\r\nAn information technology consultant is a third-party service provider who is qualified to advise clients on the best use of IT to meet specific business requirements. IT consultants may work with a professional IT consultancy firm or as independent contractors. They may conduct a business needs assessment and develop an information systems solution that meets the organization's objectives.\r\nSome information technology consultants emphasize technical issues while others help organizations use IT to manage business processes. Still others specialize in a specific IT area such as information security.\r\nIT consultants need a deep knowledge of both business and information technology. A bachelor's degree in management information systems, computer science, or information science is the typical path into a technical consultancy career. IT certifications supplement this foundation with specialized technical training. Information technology degree and certification programs are available online to accommodate working IT professionals.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are the prerequisites and major obstacles?</span>\r\nOnce a business owner defined the needs to take a business to the next level, a decision maker will define a scope, cost and a time-frame of the project. The role of the IT consultancy company is to support and nurture the company from the very beginning of the project until the end, and deliver the project not only in the scope, time and cost but also with complete customer satisfaction.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Project scoping and planning</span></span>\r\nThe usual problem is that a business owner doesn't know the detail of what the project is going to deliver until it starts the process. In many cases, the incremental effort in some projects can lead to significant financial loss.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Business process and system design</span></span>\r\nThe scope of a project is linked intimately to the proposed business processes and systems that the project is going to deliver. Regardless of whether the project is to launch a new product range or discontinue unprofitable parts of the business, the change will have some impact on business processes and systems. The documentation of your business processes and system requirements are as fundamental to project scoping as an architects plans would be to the costing and scoping of the construction of a building.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Project management support</span></span>\r\nThe most successful business projects are always those that are driven by an employee who has the authority, vision and influence to drive the required changes in a business. It is highly unlikely that a business owner (decision maker or similar) will realize the changes unless one has one of these people in the employment. However, the project leadership role typically requires significant experience and skills which are not usually found within a company focused on day-to-day operations. Due to this requirement within more significant business change projects/programs, outside expertise is often sought from firms which can bring this specific skill set to the company.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the skills of IT-consulting?</span>\r\nAn IT consultant needs to possess the following skills:\r\n<ul><li>Advisory skills</li><li>Technical skills</li><li>Business skills</li><li>Communication skills</li><li>Management skills</li><li>Advisory language skills</li><li>Business and management language skills</li><li>Technical language skills</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_IT_Consulting.png"},{"id":834,"title":"IoT - Internet of Things Security","alias":"iot-internet-of-things-security","description":" IoT security is the technology area concerned with safeguarding connected devices and networks in the internet of things (IoT).\r\nIoT involves adding internet connectivity to a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals and/or people. Each &quot;thing&quot; is provided a unique identifier and the ability to automatically transfer data over a network. Allowing devices to connect to the internet opens them up to a number of serious vulnerabilities if they are not properly protected.\r\nIoT security has become the subject of scrutiny after a number of high-profile incidents where a common IoT device was used to infiltrate and attack the larger network. Implementing security measures is critical to ensuring the safety of networks with IoT devices connected to them.\r\nIoT security hacks can happen in any industry, from smart home to a manufacturing plant to a connected car. The severity of impact depends greatly on the individual system, the data collected and/or the information it contains.\r\nAn attack disabling the brakes of a connected car, for example, or on a connected health device, such as an insulin pump hacked to administer too much medication to a patient, can be life-threatening. Likewise, an attack on a refrigeration system housing medicine that is monitored by an IoT system can ruin the viability of a medicine if temperatures fluctuate. Similarly, an attack on critical infrastructure -- an oil well, energy grid or water supply -- can be disastrous.\r\nSo, a robust IoT security portfolio must allow protecting devices from all types of vulnerabilities while deploying the security level that best matches application needs. Cryptography technologies are used to combat communication attacks. Security services are offered for protecting against lifecycle attacks. Isolation measures can be implemented to fend off software attacks. And, finally, IoT security should include tamper mitigation and side-channel attack mitigation technologies for fighting physical attacks of the chip.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the key requirements of IoT Security?</span>\r\nThe key requirements for any IoT security solution are:\r\n<ul><li>Device and data security, including authentication of devices and confidentiality and integrity of data</li><li>Implementing and running security operations at IoT scale</li><li>Meeting compliance requirements and requests</li><li>Meeting performance requirements as per the use case</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What do connected devices require to participate in the IoT Securely?</span>\r\nTo securely participate in the IoT, each connected device needs a unique identification – even before it has an IP address. This digital credential establishes the root of trust for the device’s entire lifecycle, from initial design to deployment to retirement.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is device authentication necessary for the IoT?</span>\r\nStrong IoT device authentication is required to ensure connected devices on the IoT can be trusted to be what they purport to be. Consequently, each IoT device needs a unique identity that can be authenticated when the device attempts to connect to a gateway or central server. With this unique ID in place, IT system administrators can track each device throughout its lifecycle, communicate securely with it, and prevent it from executing harmful processes. If a device exhibits unexpected behavior, administrators can simply revoke its privileges.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is secure manufacturing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nIoT devices produced through unsecured manufacturing processes provide criminals opportunities to change production runs to introduce unauthorized code or produce additional units that are subsequently sold on the black market.\r\nOne way to secure manufacturing processes is to use hardware security modules (HSMs) and supporting security software to inject cryptographic keys and digital certificates and to control the number of units built and the code incorporated into each.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is code signing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nTo protect businesses, brands, partners, and users from software that has been infected by malware, software developers have adopted code signing. In the IoT, code signing in the software release process ensures the integrity of IoT device software and firmware updates and defends against the risks associated with code tampering or code that deviates from organizational policies.\r\nIn public key cryptography, code signing is a specific use of certificate-based digital signatures that enables an organization to verify the identity of the software publisher and certify the software has not been changed since it was published.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is IoT PKI?</span>\r\nToday there are more things (devices) online than there are people on the planet! Devices are the number one users of the Internet and need digital identities for secure operation. As enterprises seek to transform their business models to stay competitive, rapid adoption of IoT technologies is creating increasing demand for Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) to provide digital certificates for the growing number of devices and the software and firmware they run.\r\nSafe IoT deployments require not only trusting the devices to be authentic and to be who they say they are, but also trusting that the data they collect is real and not altered. If one cannot trust the IoT devices and the data, there is no point in collecting, running analytics, and executing decisions based on the information collected.\r\nSecure adoption of IoT requires:\r\n<ul><li>Enabling mutual authentication between connected devices and applications</li><li>Maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of the data collected by devices</li><li>Ensuring the legitimacy and integrity of the software downloaded to devices</li><li>Preserving the privacy of sensitive data in light of stricter security regulations</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/iot.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":5284,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/silverskin.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Silverskin Information Security Advisory","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"silverskin-information-security-advisory","companyTitle":"Silverskin Information Security","companyTypes":["vendor"],"companyId":8298,"companyAlias":"silverskin-information-security","description":"<p class=\"align-center\"><b>If You Don’t Know What You Have, You Cannot Secure It </b></p>\r\n<i>We teach your organization to defend itself and make the world a safer place for business. </i>\r\nOur advisory services help you to manage your cyber and information security from a risk management point of view, fulfill regulatory compliance or to achieve a security certification such as ISO/IEC 27001. \r\nWe make sense of the sometimes vague security requirements and design efficient solutions that both increase your cyber resilience and meet the regulatory requirements. ","shortDescription":"We teach your organization to defend itself and make the world a safer place for business\r\n","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":7,"sellingCount":4,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Silverskin Information Security Advisory","keywords":"","description":"<p class=\"align-center\"><b>If You Don’t Know What You Have, You Cannot Secure It </b></p>\r\n<i>We teach your organization to defend itself and make the world a safer place for business. </i>\r\nOur advisory services help you to manage your cyber and information s","og:title":"Silverskin Information Security Advisory","og:description":"<p class=\"align-center\"><b>If You Don’t Know What You Have, You Cannot Secure It </b></p>\r\n<i>We teach your organization to defend itself and make the world a safer place for business. </i>\r\nOur advisory services help you to manage your cyber and information s","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/silverskin.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":5283,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":538,"title":"Services","alias":"services","description":" Service - any activity or work that one party can offer the other, characterized by the absence of the proposed material tangibility of such activities and not expressed in possession of something.\r\nA service from the point of view of marketing is a sale object in the form of an artist’s action, bringing benefits to the consumer or a useful result. In the process of providing services, a new, previously non-existent material product is not created, but the quality of an existing, created product changes. These are goods provided not in the form of commodities or exchange, but in the form of activities. The very provision of services creates the desired result for the consumer.\r\nServices have four main characteristics that significantly affect the development of marketing programs:\r\n<ul><li>intangibility - it is impossible to demonstrate, see, try, transport, store, pack or study. All this is possible only in relation to the final result (it was - it became);</li><li>inseparability - a service can be provided only when an order arrives or a client appears, i.e. services are provided and consumed simultaneously;</li><li>variability (non-standardization) - customers are direct participants in the service process and affect its final result;</li><li>impossibility of storage - unlike tangible goods, they cannot be made for future use.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of services?</span>\r\nThe provision (provision) of services may include, for example, the following:\r\n<ul><li>activities carried out on material products supplied by the consumer (for example, repair of a faulty car);</li><li>activities carried out on intangible products supplied by the consumer (for example, preparing a statement of income required to determine the amount of tax);</li><li>the provision of intangible products (for example, information in the sense of knowledge transfer);</li><li>creating favorable conditions for consumers (for example, in hotels and restaurants).</li></ul>\r\nThe services provided to the population, by appointment, are divided into material and socio-cultural:\r\n<ul><li>Material service - a service to satisfy the material and domestic needs of a consumer of services. It provides restoration (change, preservation) of consumer properties of products or the manufacture of new products by orders of citizens, as well as the movement of goods and people, the creation of conditions for consumption. In particular, material services may include household services related to the repair and manufacture of products, housing and communal services, catering services, transportation services, etc.</li><li>Socio-cultural service (intangible service) - a service to satisfy spiritual, intellectual needs and the maintenance of normal consumer life. Provides maintenance and restoration of health, spiritual and physical development of the individual, increasing professional skills. Social and cultural services cannot include medical care and compulsory educational process.</li></ul>\r\nServices can be: private or commercial, voluntary or forced, paid or free, instant or long-term, mutual and anonymous, public, etc.\r\nThe generalizing category, which includes all types of commercial and non-commercial services and is part of the economy, is the service sector.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Service Examples</span>\r\nRealtor services - services of a realtor, real estate agent, aimed at satisfying the needs of the client when performing operations to manage real estate, as well as creating additional benefits for the client when carrying out operations with real estate (additional income or an additional increase in the value of real estate both in the short and long term), the receipt of which would be impossible without the participation of a realtor (real estate agent) and the use of special professional tools and skills. At the same time, the effectiveness of the realtor (real estate agent) is estimated by the value of the benefit received by the client, and his remuneration is only part of it.\r\nLegal services - the services of a lawyer and attorney in many cases are vital, therefore, the choice of performers for their provision should be with particular seriousness and responsibility. The main areas of lawyer and advocate services:\r\n<ul><li>Comprehensive legal services for organizations of various forms of ownership;</li><li>Arbitration - representing the interests of organizations in arbitration courts;</li><li>Representation of interests of companies in courts of various instances;</li><li>Professional legal support of transactions and contracts of organizations;</li><li>Services to legal entities related to bankruptcy of enterprises;</li><li>Services of professional lawyers in returning and collecting debts;</li><li>Representation of interests of organizations in the event of tax disputes;</li><li>Processes related to registration of the inheritance;</li><li>Services of a professional lawyer in the event of a traffic accident (Legal assistance in road accidents);</li><li>Services of a lawyer and advocate in the event of housing disputes;</li><li>Family lawyer services;</li><li>Providing the services of a lawyer and criminal lawyer;</li><li>Ensuring consumer protection.</li></ul>\r\nAccounting services are necessary for both newly opened companies and existing structures that need to establish an accounting service or monitor the work of a full-time accountant. Accounting services are also relevant in the case of business expansion, as new employees appear in the company, salaries are revised, and associated costs arise. Professional accounting services are the foundation of successful business activities, ensuring the prosperity of the business due to the precise control of all financial resources of the company.\r\nPsychological assistance services.\r\nIT-services (IT-services, IT-services; including IT-consulting) - services related to assisting in the development of computer literacy of users, training them in new software products. The list of services also includes services for installation, updating and maintenance of software products and computer equipment.\r\nInformation Services.\r\nand etc.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Services.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]},{"id":3238,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Owl_Cyber_defense.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Owl Perimeter Defense Solution","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"the-owl-perimeter-defense-solution","companyTitle":"OWL Cyber Defense","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":5115,"companyAlias":"owl-cyber-defense","description":"OPDS product line represents the gold standard in data diode cybersecurity, designed to support the varied and complex cybersecurity needs within the wide range of critical infrastructure industries. Acclaimed for their unmatched performance, reliability, and ease of use, OPDS data diodes protect the operational networks and digital assets of some of the world’s largest critical infrastructure facilities, including power plants, banks, substations, laboratories, oil rigs, and more.\r\n<br />The concept is to protect the control systems within the facility by creating a secure cyber perimeter around the plant so that plant operations are not interrupted, sabotaged or otherwise impacted by some kind of cyberattack.\r\nDepending on problems that need to be solved, there are wide range of OPDS types.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">OPDS-5D</span></p>\r\nAn entry level data diode solution created to address cybersecurity use cases with lower, fixed bandwidth requirements of 5 Mbps or less. The OPDS-5D features a compact, DIN rail compatible single box enclosure, conditioned for a range of applications, from climate controlled IT centers to extreme environments with high/low temperatures, dust, or smoke.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">OPDS-100D</span></p>\r\nOptimized to meet the needs of most industrial control applications, the OPDS-100D delivers scalable, deterministic one-way transfer capabilities from 10 Mbps up to 104 Mbps. Designed specifically for low size, weight, and power (SWaP) requirements, the compact form factor is DIN rail mountable and readily deployable in plants, substations, and other CI facilities.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">OPDS-100</span></p>\r\nOwl’s standard, all in one, 1U rack-mountable DualDiode® cybersecurity platform, designed to address critical infrastructure applications requiring low to moderate data throughput. The OPDS-100 delivers scalable performance from a base of 10 Mbps up to 104 Mbps, easily upgradeable through Owl’s variable bandwidth licensing mechanism.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">OPDS-1000</span></p>\r\nA highly integrated, all in one, 1U rack-mountable cybersecurity platform. The OPDS-1000 represents the pinnacle of single-box data diode solutions and supports the high-speed one-way transfer of multiple data types/formats concurrently. Optimized for more demanding applications, it delivers a scalable link rate from 104 Mbps up to 1 Gbps with variable bandwidth licensing.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">EPDS</span><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></p>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">The&nbsp; most&nbsp; powerful&nbsp; and&nbsp; capable&nbsp; data&nbsp; diode&nbsp; solution&nbsp; available&nbsp; on&nbsp; the&nbsp; market,&nbsp; the&nbsp; EPDS&nbsp; integrates&nbsp; patented&nbsp; Owl DualDiode® communication cards into two commercial enterprise servers, providing maximum processing power&nbsp; and&nbsp; storage.&nbsp; The&nbsp; EPDS&nbsp; operates&nbsp; on&nbsp; a&nbsp; hardened&nbsp; Linux&nbsp; operating&nbsp; system&nbsp; and&nbsp; supports&nbsp; upgradable&nbsp; link&nbsp; speeds from 155 Mbps up to 10 Gbps.<br /><br /></p>\r\n\r\n","shortDescription":"OPDS product line represents the gold standard in data diode cybersecurity, designed to support the varied and complex cybersecurity needs within the wide range of critical infrastructure industries. ","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":11,"sellingCount":12,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Owl Perimeter Defense Solution","keywords":"","description":"OPDS product line represents the gold standard in data diode cybersecurity, designed to support the varied and complex cybersecurity needs within the wide range of critical infrastructure industries. Acclaimed for their unmatched performance, reliability, and ","og:title":"Owl Perimeter Defense Solution","og:description":"OPDS product line represents the gold standard in data diode cybersecurity, designed to support the varied and complex cybersecurity needs within the wide range of critical infrastructure industries. Acclaimed for their unmatched performance, reliability, and ","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Owl_Cyber_defense.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":3239,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":5,"title":"Security Software","alias":"security-software","description":" Computer security software or cybersecurity software is any computer program designed to enhance information security. Security software is a broad term that encompasses a suite of different types of software that deliver data and computer and network security in various forms. \r\nSecurity software can protect a computer from viruses, malware, unauthorized users and other security exploits originating from the Internet. Different types of security software include anti-virus software, firewall software, network security software, Internet security software, malware/spamware removal and protection software, cryptographic software, and more.\r\nIn end-user computing environments, anti-spam and anti-virus security software is the most common type of software used, whereas enterprise users add a firewall and intrusion detection system on top of it. \r\nSecurity soft may be focused on preventing attacks from reaching their target, on limiting the damage attacks can cause if they reach their target and on tracking the damage that has been caused so that it can be repaired. As the nature of malicious code evolves, security software also evolves.<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \"></span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Firewall. </span>Firewall security software prevents unauthorized users from accessing a computer or network without restricting those who are authorized. Firewalls can be implemented with hardware or software. Some computer operating systems include software firewalls in the operating system itself. For example, Microsoft Windows has a built-in firewall. Routers and servers can include firewalls. There are also dedicated hardware firewalls that have no other function other than protecting a network from unauthorized access.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Antivirus.</span> Antivirus solutions work to prevent malicious code from attacking a computer by recognizing the attack before it begins. But it is also designed to stop an attack in progress that could not be prevented, and to repair damage done by the attack once the attack abates. Antivirus software is useful because it addresses security issues in cases where attacks have made it past a firewall. New computer viruses appear daily, so antivirus and security software must be continuously updated to remain effective.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Antispyware.</span> While antivirus software is designed to prevent malicious software from attacking, the goal of antispyware software is to prevent unauthorized software from stealing information that is on a computer or being processed through the computer. Since spyware does not need to attempt to damage data files or the operating system, it does not trigger antivirus software into action. However, antispyware software can recognize the particular actions spyware is taking by monitoring the communications between a computer and external message recipients. When communications occur that the user has not authorized, antispyware can notify the user and block further communications.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Home Computers.</span> Home computers and some small businesses usually implement&nbsp; security software at the desktop level - meaning on the PC itself. This category of computer security and protection, sometimes referred to as end-point security, remains resident, or continuously operating, on the desktop. Because the software is running, it uses system resources, and can slow the computer's performance. However, because it operates in real time, it can react rapidly to attacks and seek to shut them down when they occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Network Security.</span> When several computers are all on the same network, it's more cost-effective to implement security at the network level. Antivirus software can be installed on a server and then loaded automatically to each desktop. However firewalls are usually installed on a server or purchased as an independent device that is inserted into the network where the Internet connection comes in. All of the computers inside the network communicate unimpeded, but any data going in or out of the network over the Internet is filtered trough the firewall.<br /><br /><br />","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"> <span style=\"font-weight: normal; \">What is IT security software?</span></h1>\r\nIT security software provides protection to businesses’ computer or network. It serves as a defense against unauthorized access and intrusion in such a system. It comes in various types, with many businesses and individuals already using some of them in one form or another.\r\nWith the emergence of more advanced technology, cybercriminals have also found more ways to get into the system of many organizations. Since more and more businesses are now relying their crucial operations on software products, the importance of security system software assurance must be taken seriously – now more than ever. Having reliable protection such as a security software programs is crucial to safeguard your computing environments and data. \r\n<p class=\"align-left\">It is not just the government or big corporations that become victims of cyber threats. In fact, small and medium-sized businesses have increasingly become targets of cybercrime over the past years. </p>\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: normal; \">What are the features of IT security software?</span></h1>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Automatic updates. </span>This ensures you don’t miss any update and your system is the most up-to-date version to respond to the constantly emerging new cyber threats.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Real-time scanning.</span> Dynamic scanning features make it easier to detect and infiltrate malicious entities promptly. Without this feature, you’ll risk not being able to prevent damage to your system before it happens.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Auto-clean.</span> A feature that rids itself of viruses even without the user manually removing it from its quarantine zone upon detection. Unless you want the option to review the malware, there is no reason to keep the malicious software on your computer which makes this feature essential.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Multiple app protection.</span> This feature ensures all your apps and services are protected, whether they’re in email, instant messenger, and internet browsers, among others.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Application level security.</span> This enables you to control access to the application on a per-user role or per-user basis to guarantee only the right individuals can enter the appropriate applications.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Role-based menu.</span> This displays menu options showing different users according to their roles for easier assigning of access and control.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Row-level (multi-tenant) security.</span> This gives you control over data access at a row-level for a single application. This means you can allow multiple users to access the same application but you can control the data they are authorized to view.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Single sign-on.</span> A session or user authentication process that allows users to access multiple related applications as long as they are authorized in a single session by only logging in their name and password in a single place.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">User privilege parameters.</span> These are customizable features and security as per individual user or role that can be accessed in their profile throughout every application.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Application activity auditing.</span> Vital for IT departments to quickly view when a user logged in and off and which application they accessed. Developers can log end-user activity using their sign-on/signoff activities.</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\"><br /><br /><br /><br /></p>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Security_Software.png"},{"id":59,"title":"SCADA - Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition","alias":"scada-supervisory-control-and-data-acquisition","description":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">SCADA</span> stands for <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition</span>, a term which describes the basic functions of a SCADA system. Companies use SCADA systems to control equipment across their sites and to collect and record data about their operations. SCADA is not a specific technology, but a type of application. Any application that gets operating data about a system in order to control and optimise that system is a SCADA application. That application may be a petrochemical distillation process, a water filtration system, a pipeline compressor, or just about anything else.\r\nSCADA solutions typically come in a combination of software and hardware elements, such as&nbsp;programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and remote terminal units (RTUs). Data acquisition in SCADA starts with PLCs and RTUs, which communicate with plant floor equipment such as factory machinery and sensors. Data gathered from the equipment is then sent to the next level, such as a control room, where operators can supervise the PLC and RTU controls using human-machine interfaces (HMIs). HMIs are an important element of SCADA systems. They are the screens that&nbsp;operators&nbsp;use to communicate with the SCADA system.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The major components of a SCADA technology include:</span></p>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Master Terminal Unit (MTU).</span> It comprises a computer, PLC and a network server that helps MTU to communicate with the RTUs. MTU begins communication, collects and saves data, helps to interface with operators and to communicate data to other systems.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Remote Terminal Unit (RTU).</span> RTU is used to collect information from these sensors and further sends the data to MTU. RTUs have the storage capacity facility. So, it stores the data and transmits the data when MTU sends the corresponding command.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Communication Network (defined by its network topology).</span> In general, network means connection. When you tell a SCADA communication network, it is defined as a link between RTU in the field to MTU in the central location. The bidirectional wired or wireless communication channel is used for the networking purpose. Various other communication mediums like fiber optic cables, twisted pair cables, etc. are also used.</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Objectives of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system</span></p>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Monitor:</span> SCADA control system continuously monitors the physical parameters</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Measure:</span> It measures the parameter for processing</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Data Acquisition:</span> It acquires data from RTU, data loggers, etc</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Data Communication:</span> It helps to communicate and transmit a large amount of data between MTU and RTU units</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Controlling:</span> Online real-time monitoring and controlling of the process</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Automation:</span> It helps for automatic transmission and functionality</li></ul>\r\n\r\n","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\">Who Uses SCADA?</h1>\r\nSCADA systems are used by industrial organizations and companies in the public and private sectors to control and maintain efficiency, distribute data for smarter decisions, and communicate system issues to help mitigate downtime. Supervisory control systems work well in many different types of enterprises because they can range from simple configurations to large, complex installations. They are the backbone of many modern industries, including:\r\n<ul><li>Energy</li><li>Food and beverage</li><li>Manufacturing</li><li>Oil and gas</li><li>Power</li><li>Recycling</li><li>Transportation</li><li>Water and waste water</li><li>And many more</li></ul>\r\nVirtually anywhere you look in today's world, there is some type of SCADA monitoring system running behind the scenes: maintaining the refrigeration systems at the local supermarket, ensuring production and safety at a refinery, achieving quality standards at a waste water treatment plant, or even tracking your energy use at home, to give a few examples. Effective SCADA systems can result in significant savings of time and money. Numerous case studies have been published highlighting the benefits and savings of using a modern SCADA software.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">Benefits of using SCADA software</h1>\r\nUsing modern SCADA software provides numerous benefits to businesses, and helps companies make the most of those benefits. Some of these advantages include:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Easier engineering:</span> An advanced supervisory control application such provides easy-to-locate tools, wizards, graphic templates and other pre-configured elements, so engineers can create automation projects and set parameters quickly, even if they don't have programming experience. In addition, you can also easily maintain and expand existing applications as needed. The ability to automate the engineering process allows users, particularly system integrators and original equipment manufacturers (OEM), to set up complex projects much more efficiently and accurately.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Improved data management:</span> A high-quality SCADA system makes it easier to collect, manage, access and analyze your operational data. It can enable automatic data recording and provide a central location for data storage. Additionally, it can transfer data to other systems such as MES and ERP as needed. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Greater visibility:</span> One of the main advantages of using SCADA software is the improvement in visibility into your operations. It provides you with real-time information about your operations and enables you to conveniently view that information via an HMI. SCADA monitoring can also help in generating reports and analyzing data.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Enhanced efficiency:</span> A SCADA system allows you to streamline processes through automated actions and user-friendly tools. The data that SCADA provides allows you to uncover opportunities for improving the efficiency of the operations, which can be used to make long-term changes to processes or even respond to real-time changes in conditions.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Increased usability:</span> SCADA systems enable workers to control equipment more quickly, easily and safely through an HMI. Rather than having to control each piece of machinery manually, workers can manage them remotely and often control many pieces of equipment from a single location. Managers, even those who are not currently on the floor, also gain this capability.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Reduced downtime:</span> A SCADA system can detect faults at an early stage and push instant alerts to the responsible personnel. Powered by predictive analytics, a SCADA system can also inform you of a potential issue of the machinery before it fails and causes larger problems. These features can help improve the overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) and reduce the amount of time and cost on troubleshooting and maintenance.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Easy integration:</span> Connectivity to existing machine environments is key to removing data silos and maximizing productivity. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Unified platform:</span>All of your data is also available in one platform, which helps you to get a clear overview of your operations and take full advantage of your data. All users also get real-time updates locally or remotely, ensuring everyone on your team is on the same page.<br /><br />","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/SCADA__-_Supervisory_Control_And_Data_Acquisition.png"},{"id":461,"title":"Data Diode","alias":"data-diode","description":"A unidirectional network (also referred to as a unidirectional gateway or data diode) is a network appliance or device that allows data to travel in only one direction. Data diodes can be found most commonly in high-security environments, such as defense, where they serve as connections between two or more networks of differing security classifications. Given the rise of Industrial IoT and Digitization, this technology can now be found at the industrial control level for such facilities as nuclear power plants, power generation and safety-critical systems like railway networks.<br />After years of development, the use of data diodes has increased, creating two variations:\r\n<ul><li>Data Diode: more often used to refer to the simple hardware version that physically enforces data to flow in only one direction.</li><li>Unidirectional Gateway: Used to describe a more sophisticated device that typically has a computer on both its critical and open side. Unidirectional gateways are a combination of hardware and software. The hardware (data diode) permits data to flow from one network to another but is physically unable to send any information at all back into the source network. The software replicates databases and emulates protocol servers and devices, enabling compatibility with existing network protocols, allowing organizations to gain their benefits without changes to their existing systems.</li></ul>\r\nOnce only commonly found in high-security military environments, unidirectional gateways are now becoming widely spread in sectors like Oil &amp; Gas, water/wastewater, airplanes (between flight control units and in-flight entertainment systems), manufacturing and cloud connectivity for Industrial IoT primarily as a result of new regulations, increased demand and big industrial powerhouses. These industries/sectors and betting on this technology, which has had the effect of lowering the technology's core cost.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What Is Data Diode Technology &amp; How Does It Work?</span>\r\nToday's business environment is increasingly digital and more vulnerable than ever to a cyber attack. Because of this, various network security technologies have been developed to protect organizational data and infrastructures. One of the most effective of these modern technologies is the data diode. Although it is one of the most effective network security tools available, you may not have heard of this technology and know little of what it does. Below, you'll find a description of what data diode technology is and how it works.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What Is Data Diode Technology?</span>\r\nA data diode is a communication device that enables the safe, one-way transfer of data between segmented networks. Intelligent data diode design maintains physical and electrical separation of source and destination networks, establishing a non-routable, completely closed one-way data transfer protocol between networks. Intelligent data diodes effectively eliminate external points of entry to the sending system, preventing intruders and contagious elements from infiltrating the network. Securing all of a network’s data outflow with data diodes makes it impossible for an insecure or hostile network to pass along malware, access your system, or accidentally make harmful changes.\r\nData diodes allow companies to send process data in real time to information management systems for use in financial, customer service, and management decisions — without compromising the security of your network. This protects valuable information and network infrastructure from theft, destruction, tampering, and human error, mitigating the potential loss of thousands of dollars and countless hours of work.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How Does Data Diode Technology Work?</span>\r\nA &quot;diode&quot; is an electronic component that only allows current to flow in one direction. Similarly, data diode technology lets information flow safely in only one direction, from secure areas to less secure systems, without permitting reverse access. A data diode also creates a physical barrier or “air gap” between the two points. This one-way connection prevents data leakage, eliminates the threat of malware, and fully protects the process control network. Moreover, a single data diode can handle data transfers from multiple servers or devices simultaneously, without bottlenecking.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Where is it used?</span>\r\nIt’s typically used to guarantee information security or protection of critical digital systems, such as industrial control systems, from cyber attacks. While the use of these devices is common in high-security environments such as defense, where they serve as connections between two or more networks of differing security classifications, the technology is also being used to enforce one-way communications outbound from critical digital systems to untrusted networks connected to the Internet.\r\nThe physical nature of unidirectional networks only allows data to pass from one side of a network connection to another, and not the other way around. This can be from the &quot;low side&quot; or untrusted network to the &quot;high side&quot; or trusted network or vice versa. In the first case, data in the high side network is kept confidential and users retain access to data from the low side. Such functionality can be attractive if sensitive data is stored on a network which requires connectivity with the Internet: the high side can receive Internet data from the low side, but no data on the high side is accessible to Internet-based intrusion. In the second case, a safety-critical physical system can be made accessible for online monitoring, yet be insulated from all Internet-based attacks that might seek to cause physical damage. In both cases, the connection remains unidirectional even if both the low and the high network are compromised, as the security guarantees are physical in nature.\r\nThere are two general models for using unidirectional network connections. In the classical model, the purpose of the data diode is to prevent the export of classified data from a secure machine while allowing the import of data from an insecure machine. In the alternative model, the diode is used to allow export of data from a protected machine while preventing attacks on that machine.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Data_Diode.png"},{"id":471,"title":"Hardware","alias":"hardware","description":" Computer hardware includes the physical, tangible parts or components of a computer, such as the cabinet, central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, speakers and motherboard. By contrast, software is instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Hardware is so-termed because it is &quot;hard&quot; or rigid with respect to changes or modifications; whereas software is &quot;soft&quot; because it is easy to update or change. Intermediate between software and hardware is &quot;firmware&quot;, which is software that is strongly coupled to the particular hardware of a computer system and thus the most difficult to change but also among the most stable with respect to consistency of interface. The progression from levels of &quot;hardness&quot; to &quot;softness&quot; in computer systems parallels a progression of layers of abstraction in computing.\r\nHardware is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system, although other systems exist with only hardware components.\r\nThe template for all modern computers is the Von Neumann architecture, detailed in a 1945 paper by Hungarian mathematician John von Neumann. This describes a design architecture for an electronic digital computer with subdivisions of a processing unit consisting of an arithmetic logic unit and processor registers, a control unit containing an instruction register and program counter, a memory to store both data and instructions, external mass storage, and input and output mechanisms. The meaning of the term has evolved to mean a stored-program computer in which an instruction fetch and a data operation cannot occur at the same time because they share a common bus. This is referred to as the Von Neumann bottleneck and often limits the performance of the system.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What does Hardware (H/W) mean?</span>\r\nHardware (H/W), in the context of technology, refers to the physical elements that make up a computer or electronic system and everything else involved that is physically tangible. This includes the monitor, hard drive, memory and CPU. Hardware works hand-in-hand with firmware and software to make a computer function.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are the types of computer systems?</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Personal computer</span></span>\r\nThe personal computer, also known as the PC, is one of the most common types of computer due to its versatility and relatively low price. Laptops are generally very similar, although they may use lower-power or reduced size components, thus lower performance.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Case</span></span>\r\nThe computer case encloses and holds most of the components of the system. It provides mechanical support and protection for internal elements such as the motherboard, disk drives, and power supplies, and controls and directs the flow of cooling air over internal components. The case is also part of the system to control electromagnetic interference radiated by the computer, and protects internal parts from electrostatic discharge. Large tower cases provide extra internal space for multiple disk drives or other peripherals and usually stand on the floor, while desktop cases provide less expansion room. All-in-one style designs include a video display built into the same case. Portable and laptop computers require cases that provide impact protection for the unit. A current development in laptop computers is a detachable keyboard, which allows the system to be configured as a touch-screen tablet. Hobbyists may decorate the cases with colored lights, paint, or other features, in an activity called case modding.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Power supply</span></span>\r\nA power supply unit (PSU) converts alternating current (AC) electric power to low-voltage direct current (DC) power for the internal components of the computer. Laptops are capable of running from a built-in battery, normally for a period of hours. The PSU typically uses a switched-mode power supply (SMPS), with power MOSFETs (power metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors) used in the converters and regulator circuits of the SMPS.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Motherboard</span></span>\r\nThe motherboard is the main component of a computer. It is a board with integrated circuitry that connects the other parts of the computer including the CPU, the RAM, the disk drives (CD, DVD, hard disk, or any others) as well as any peripherals connected via the ports or the expansion slots. The integrated circuit (IC) chips in a computer typically contain billions of tiny metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs).\r\nComponents directly attached to or to part of the motherboard include:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The CPU (central processing unit)</span>, which performs most of the calculations which enable a computer to function, and is referred to as the brain of the computer which get a hold of program instruction from random-access memory (RAM), interprets and processes it and then send it backs to computer result so that the relevant components can carry out the instructions. The CPU is a microprocessor, which is fabricated on a metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) integrated circuit (IC) chip. It is usually cooled by a heat sink and fan, or water-cooling system. Most newer CPU include an on-die graphics processing unit (GPU). The clock speed of CPU governs how fast it executes instructions, and is measured in GHz; typical values lie between 1 GHz and 5 GHz. Many modern computers have the option to overclock the CPU which enhances performance at the expense of greater thermal output and thus a need for improved cooling.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The chipset</span>, which includes the north bridge, mediates communication between the CPU and the other components of the system, including main memory; as well as south bridge, which is connected to the north bridge, and supports auxiliary interfaces and buses; and, finally, a Super I/O chip, connected through the south bridge, which supports the slowest and most legacy components like serial ports, hardware monitoring and fan control.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Random-access memory (RAM)</span>, which stores the code and data that are being actively accessed by the CPU. For example, when a web browser is opened on the computer it takes up memory; this is stored in the RAM until the web browser is closed. It is typically a type of dynamic RAM (DRAM), such as synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), where MOS memory chips store data on memory cells consisting of MOSFETs and MOS capacitors. RAM usually comes on dual in-line memory modules (DIMMs) in the sizes of 2GB, 4GB, and 8GB, but can be much larger.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Read-only memory (ROM)</span>, which stores the BIOS that runs when the computer is powered on or otherwise begins execution, a process known as Bootstrapping, or &quot;booting&quot; or &quot;booting up&quot;. The ROM is typically a nonvolatile BIOS memory chip, which stores data on floating-gate MOSFET memory cells.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The BIOS (Basic Input Output System)</span> includes boot firmware and power management firmware. Newer motherboards use Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) instead of BIOS.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Buses</span> that connect the CPU to various internal components and to expand cards for graphics and sound.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The CMOS</span> (complementary MOS) battery, which powers the CMOS memory for date and time in the BIOS chip. This battery is generally a watch battery.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">The video card</span> (also known as the graphics card), which processes computer graphics. More powerful graphics cards are better suited to handle strenuous tasks, such as playing intensive video games or running computer graphics software. A video card contains a graphics processing unit (GPU) and video memory (typically a type of SDRAM), both fabricated on MOS integrated circuit (MOS IC) chips.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Power MOSFETs</span> make up the voltage regulator module (VRM), which controls how much voltage other hardware components receive.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Expansion cards</span></span>\r\nAn expansion card in computing is a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an expansion slot of a computer motherboard or backplane to add functionality to a computer system via the expansion bus. Expansion cards can be used to obtain or expand on features not offered by the motherboard.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Storage devices</span></span>\r\nA storage device is any computing hardware and digital media that is used for storing, porting and extracting data files and objects. It can hold and store information both temporarily and permanently, and can be internal or external to a computer, server or any similar computing device. Data storage is a core function and fundamental component of computers.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Fixed media</span></span>\r\nData is stored by a computer using a variety of media. Hard disk drives (HDDs) are found in virtually all older computers, due to their high capacity and low cost, but solid-state drives (SSDs) are faster and more power efficient, although currently more expensive than hard drives in terms of dollar per gigabyte, so are often found in personal computers built post-2007. SSDs use flash memory, which stores data on MOS memory chips consisting of floating-gate MOSFET memory cells. Some systems may use a disk array controller for greater performance or reliability.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Removable media</span></span>\r\nTo transfer data between computers, an external flash memory device (such as a memory card or USB flash drive) or optical disc (such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM or BD-ROM) may be used. Their usefulness depends on being readable by other systems; the majority of machines have an optical disk drive (ODD), and virtually all have at least one Universal Serial Bus (USB) port.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Input and output peripherals</span></span>\r\nInput and output devices are typically housed externally to the main computer chassis. The following are either standard or very common to many computer systems.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Input</span></span>\r\nInput devices allow the user to enter information into the system, or control its operation. Most personal computers have a mouse and keyboard, but laptop systems typically use a touchpad instead of a mouse. Other input devices include webcams, microphones, joysticks, and image scanners.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Output device</span></span>\r\nOutput devices display information in a human readable form. Such devices could include printers, speakers, monitors or a Braille embosser.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Mainframe computer</span></span>\r\nA mainframe computer is a much larger computer that typically fills a room and may cost many hundreds or thousands of times as much as a personal computer. They are designed to perform large numbers of calculations for governments and large enterprises.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Departmental computing</span></span>\r\nIn the 1960s and 1970s, more and more departments started to use cheaper and dedicated systems for specific purposes like process control and laboratory automation.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Supercomputer</span></span>\r\nA supercomputer is superficially similar to a mainframe, but is instead intended for extremely demanding computational tasks. As of June 2018, the fastest supercomputer on the TOP500supercomputer list is the Summit, in the United States, with a LINPACK benchmarkscore of 122.3 PFLOPS Light, by around 29 PFLOPS.\r\nThe term supercomputer does not refer to a specific technology. Rather it indicates the fastest computations available at any given time. In mid 2011, the fastest supercomputers boasted speeds exceeding one petaflop, or 1 quadrillion (10^15 or 1,000 trillion) floating point operations per second. Supercomputers are fast but extremely costly, so they are generally used by large organizations to execute computationally demanding tasks involving large data sets. Supercomputers typically run military and scientific applications. Although costly, they are also being used for commercial applications where huge amounts of data must be analyzed. For example, large banks employ supercomputers to calculate the risks and returns of various investment strategies, and healthcare organizations use them to analyze giant databases of patient data to determine optimal treatments for various diseases and problems incurring to the country. ","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Hardware.jpg"},{"id":483,"title":"Messaging Security","alias":"messaging-security","description":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Messaging security</span> is a subcategory of <span style=\"font-style: italic; \">unified threat management (UTM) </span>focused on securing and protecting an organization’s communication infrastructure. Communication channels can include email software, messaging apps, and social network IM platforms. This extra layer of security can help secure devices and block a wider range of viruses or malware attacks.\r\nMessaging security helps to ensure the confidentiality and authenticity of an organization’s communication methods. Confidentiality refers to making sure only the intended recipients are able to read the messages and authenticity refers to making sure the identity of each sender or recipient is verified.\r\nOftentimes, attackers aim to gain access to an entire network or system by infiltrating the messaging infrastructure. Implementing proper data and message security can minimize the chance of data leaks and identity theft.\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Encrypted messaging (also known as secure messaging) provides end-to-end encryption for user-to-user text messaging. Encrypted messaging prevents anyone from monitoring text conversations. Many encrypted messenger&nbsp; apps also offer end-to-end encryption for phone calls made using the apps, as well as for files that are sent using the apps.</span>\r\nTwo modern methods of encryption are the <span style=\"font-style: italic; \">Public Key (Asymmetric)</span> and the <span style=\"font-style: italic; \">Private Key (Symmetric</span>) methods. While these two methods of encryption are similar in that they both allow users to encrypt data to hide it from the prying eyes of outsiders and then decrypt it for viewing by an authorized party, they differ in how they perform the steps involved in the process.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Email</span> security message can rely on public-key cryptography, in which users can each publish a public key that others can use to encrypt messages to them, while keeping secret a private key they can use to decrypt such messages or to digitally encrypt and sign messages they send. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Encrypted messaging systems </span>must be encrypted end-to-end, so that even the service provider and its staff are unable to decipher what’s in your communications. Ideal solutions is “server-less” encrypted chat where companies won’t store user information anywhere.\r\nIn a more general sense, users of unsecured public Wi-Fi should also consider using a <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Virtual Private Network </span>(VPN) application, to conceal their identity and location from Internet Service Providers (ISPs), higher level surveillance, and the attentions of hackers.","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"> What is messaging security?</h1>\r\nMessaging Security is a program that provides protection for companies' messaging infrastructure. The programs include IP reputation-based anti-spam, pattern-based anti-spam, administrator-defined block/allow lists, mail antivirus, zero-hour malware detection, and email intrusion prevention.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Six Dimensions of Comprehensive Messaging Security</span></p>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">IP-Reputation Anti-spam.</span> It checks each email connection request with a database of IP addresses to establish whether a sender is a legitimate or known spam sender and malware. If a sender is recognized it undesirable the messaging Security program drops the connection before the message is accepted.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Pattern-based anti-spam</span> utilizes a proprietary algorithm to establish a fingerprint-like signature of email messages. When a message comes in, its pattern is calculated and checked against a database to determine if the message matches a known email pattern. </li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Block/Allow List Anti-spam.</span> Administrators can create a list of IP addresses or domains that they would like to either block or allow. This method ensures that trusted sources are explicitly allowed and unwanted sources are explicitly denied access.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Mail Antivirus.</span> This layer of protection blocks a wide range of known viruses and malware attacks.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Zero-Hour Malware Protection.</span> By analyzing large numbers of messages, outbreaks are detected along with their corresponding messages. These message patterns are then flagged as malicious, giving information about a given attack.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">SmartDefense Email IPS.</span> The messaging security program utilizes SmartDefense Email IPS to stop attacks targeting the messaging infrastructure. </li></ul>\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">What are Signal, Wire and LINE messenger security apps like ?</h1>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">Secure private messenger is a messaging application that emphasizes the privacy and of users using encryption and service transparency. While every modern messenger system is using different security practices (most prominently SSL/HTTPS) - the difference between secure and classic messengers is what we don’t know in the scope of implementation and&nbsp; approach to user data. </p>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">Message access control and secure messengers evolved into a distinct category due to the growing awareness that communication over the internet is accessible by third parties, and reasonable concerns that the messages can be used against the users.</p>\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">Why secure communication is essential for business?</h1>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">In the context of business operation, communication is a vital element of maintaining an efficient and dynamic working process. It lets you keep everything up to date and on the same page. And since many things are going on at the same time - tools like messengers are one of the many helpers that make the working day a little more manageable.</p>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">Some of the information, like employee and customer data, proprietary information, data directly linked to business performance or future projections, may be strictly under a non-disclosure agreement. Without proper text message authentication in information security or encryption, it remains vulnerable to exposure. The chances are slim, but the possibility remains. </p>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">And there are people interested in acquiring that sensitive information, people who like to play dirty because getting a competitive advantage is a decent motivation to go beyond the law. And when private conversations leak, especially the business-related ones - the impact is comparable with the Titanic hitting an iceberg. </p>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">Encrypted massages in messenger prevents this from happening.</p>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">&nbsp;</p>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Messaging_Security.png"},{"id":485,"title":"Web security","alias":"web-security","description":" Web security basically means protecting a website or web application by detecting, preventing and responding to cyber threats.\r\nWebsites and web applications are just as prone to security breaches as physical homes, stores, and government locations. Unfortunately, cybercrime happens every day, and great web security measures are needed to protect websites and web applications from becoming compromised.\r\nThat’s exactly what web security does – it is a system of protection measures and protocols that can protect your website or web application from being hacked or entered by unauthorized personnel. This integral division of Information Security is vital to the protection of websites, web applications, and web services. Anything that is applied over the Internet should have some form of web security to protect it.\r\nThere are a lot of factors that go into web security and web protection. Any website or application that is secure is surely backed by different types of checkpoints and techniques for keeping it safe.\r\nThere are a variety of security standards that must be followed at all times, and these standards are implemented and highlighted by the OWASP. Most experienced web developers from top cybersecurity companies will follow the standards of the OWASP as well as keep a close eye on the Web Hacking Incident Database to see when, how, and why different people are hacking different websites and services.\r\nEssential steps in protecting web apps from attacks include applying up-to-date encryption, setting proper authentication, continuously patching discovered vulnerabilities, avoiding data theft by having secure software development practices. The reality is that clever attackers may be competent enough to find flaws even in a fairly robust secured environment, and so a holistic security strategy is advised.\r\nThere are different types of technologies available for maintaining the best security standards. Some popular technical solutions for testing, building, and preventing threats include black and white box testing tools, fuzzing tools, WAF, security or vulnerability scanners, password cracking tools, and so on.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Malware?</span>\r\nThe name malware is short for ‘malicioussoftware’. Malware includes any software program that has been created to perform an unauthorised — and often harmful — action on a user’s device. Examples of malware include:\r\n<ul><li>Computer viruses</li><li>Word and Excel macro viruses</li><li>Boot sector viruses</li><li>Script viruses — including batch, Windows shell, Java and others</li><li>Keyloggers</li><li>Password stealers</li><li>Backdoor Trojan viruses</li><li>Other Trojan viruses</li><li>Crimeware</li><li>Spyware</li><li>Adware... and many other types of malicious software programs</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is the difference between a computer virus and a worm?</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Computer virus.</span> This is a type of malicious program that can replicate itself — so that it can spread from file to file on a computer, and can also spread from one computer to another. Computer viruses are often programmed to perform damaging actions — such as corrupting or deleting data. The longer a virus remains undetected on your machine, the greater the number of infected files that may be on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Worms.</span> Worms are generally considered to be a subset of computer viruses — but with some specific differences:\r\n<ul><li>A worm is a computer program that replicates, but does not infect other files.</li><li>The worm will install itself once on a computer — and then look for a way to spread to other computers.</li><li>Whereas a virus is a set of code that adds itself to existing files, a worm exists as a separate, standalone file.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Trojan virus?</span>\r\nA Trojan is effectively a program that pretends to be legitimate software — but, when launched, it will perform a harmful action. Unlike computer viruses and worms, Trojans cannot spread by themselves. Typically, Trojans are installed secretly and they deliver their malicious payload without the user’s knowledge.\r\nCybercriminals use many different types of Trojans — and each has been designed to perform a specific malicious function. The most common are:\r\n<ul><li>Backdoor Trojans (these often include a keylogger)</li><li>Trojan Spies</li><li>Password stealing Trojans</li><li>Trojan Proxies — that convert your computer into a spam distribution machine</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Why are Trojan viruses called Trojans?</span>\r\nIn Greek mythology — during the Trojan war — the Greeks used subterfuge to enter the city of Troy. The Greeks constructed a massive wooden horse — and, unaware that the horse contained Greek soldiers, the Trojans pulled the horse into the city. At night, the Greek soldiers escaped from the horse and opened the city gates — for the Greek army to enter Troy.\r\nToday, Trojan viruses use subterfuge to enter unsuspecting users’ computers and devices.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Keylogger?</span>\r\nA keylogger is a program that can record what you type on your computer keyboard. Criminals use keyloggers to obtain confidential data — such as login details, passwords, credit card numbers, PINs and other items. Backdoor Trojans typically include an integrated keylogger.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Phishing?</span>\r\nPhishing is a very specific type of cybercrime that is designed to trick you into disclosing valuable information — such as details about your bank account or credit cards. Often, cybercriminals will create a fake website that looks just like a legitimate site — such as a bank’s official website. The cybercriminal will try to trick you into visiting their fake site — typically by sending you an email that contains a hyperlink to the fake site. When you visit the fake website, it will generally ask you to type in confidential data — such as your login, password or PIN.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Spyware?</span>\r\nSpyware is software that is designed to collect your data and send it to a third party — without your knowledge or consent. Spyware programs will often:\r\n<ul><li>Monitor the keys you press on your keyboard — using a keylogger</li><li>Collect confidential information — such as your passwords, credit card numbers, PIN numbers and more</li><li>Gather — or ‘harvest’ — email addresses from your computer</li><li>Track your Internet browsing habits</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Rootkit?</span>\r\nRootkits are programs that hackers use in order to evade detection while trying to gain unauthorised access to a computer. Rootkits have been used increasingly as a form of stealth to hide Trojan virus activity. When installed on a computer, rootkits are invisible to the user and also take steps to avoid being detected by security software.\r\nThe fact that many people log into their computers with administrator rights — rather than creating a separate account with restricted access — makes it easier for cybercriminals to install a rootkit.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Botnet?</span>\r\nA botnet is a network of computers controlled by cybercriminals using a Trojan virus or other malicious program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is a DDoS attack?</span>\r\nA Distributed-Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack is similar to a DoS. However, a DDoS attack is conducted using multiple machines. Usually, for a DDoS attack, the hacker will use one security compromised computer as the ‘master’ machine that co-ordinates the attack by other ‘zombie machines’. Typically, the cybercriminal will compromise the security on the master and all of the zombie machines, by exploiting a vulnerability in an application on each computer — to install a Trojan or other piece of malicious code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/security-web-application-security.png"},{"id":532,"title":"Software","alias":"software","description":" Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs, and data. Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.\r\nAt the lowest programming level, executable code consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual processor — typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text on a computer screen; causing state changes that should be visible to the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are provided, unless it is instructed to &quot;jump&quot; to a different instruction, or is interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers, smartphone devices, and servers have processors with multiple execution units or multiple processors performing computation together, and computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.\r\nThe majority of software is written in high-level programming languages. They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are closer to natural languages than machine languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine language using an assembler.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software?</span>\r\nSometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer, its hardware, or perform tasks. Without software, most computers would be useless. For example, without your Internet browser software, you could not surf the Internet or read this page. Without an operating system, the browser could not run on your computer. The picture shows a Microsoft Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet software program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you get software?</span>\r\nSoftware can be purchased at a retail computer store or online and come in a box containing all the disks (floppy diskette, CD, DVD, or Blu-ray), manuals, warranty, and other documentation.\r\nSoftware can also be downloaded to a computer over the Internet. Once downloaded, setup files are run to start the installation process on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Free software</span></span>\r\nThere are also a lot of free software programs available that are separated into different categories.\r\n<ul><li>Shareware or trial software is software that gives you a few days to try the software before you have to buy the program. After the trial time expires, you'll be asked to enter a code or register the product before you can continue to use it.</li><li>Freeware is completely free software that never requires payment, as long as it is not modified.</li><li>Open-source software is similar to freeware. Not only is the program given away free, but the source code used to make the program is also, allowing anyone to modify the program or view how it was created.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How do you use computer software?</span>\r\nOnce the software is installed on the computer hard drive, the program can be used anytime by finding the program on the computer. On a Windows computer, a program icon is added to the Start menu or Start screen, depending on your version of Windows.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How to maintain software?</span>\r\nAfter the software is installed on your computer, it may need to be updated to fix any found errors. Updating a program can be done using software patches. Once updates are installed, any problems that may have been experienced in the program will no longer occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How is software created and how does it work?</span>\r\nA computer programmer (or several computer programmers) writes the instructions using a programming language, defining how the software should operate on structured data. The program may then be interpreted or compiled into machine code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software.png"},{"id":540,"title":"Security Hardware","alias":"security-hardware","description":"Hardware security as a discipline originated out of cryptographic engineering and involves hardware design, access control, secure multi-party computation, secure key storage, ensuring code authenticity and measures to ensure that the supply chain that built the product is secure, among other things.\r\nA hardware security module (HSM) is a physical computing device that safeguards and manages digital keys for strong authentication and provides cryptoprocessing. These modules traditionally come in the form of a plug-in card or an external device that attaches directly to a computer or network server.\r\nSome providers in this discipline consider that the key difference between hardware security and software security is that hardware security is implemented using &quot;non-Turing-machine&quot; logic (raw combinatorial logic or simple state machines). One approach, referred to as &quot;hardsec&quot;, uses FPGAs to implement non-Turing-machine security controls as a way of combining the security of hardware with the flexibility of software.\r\nHardware backdoors are backdoors in hardware. Conceptionally related, a hardware Trojan (HT) is a malicious modification of an electronic system, particularly in the context of an integrated circuit.\r\nA physical unclonable function (PUF) is a physical entity that is embodied in a physical structure and is easy to evaluate but hard to predict. Further, an individual PUF device must be easy to make but practically impossible to duplicate, even given the exact manufacturing process that produced it. In this respect, it is the hardware analog of a one-way function. The name &quot;physically unclonable function&quot; might be a little misleading as some PUFs are clonable, and most PUFs are noisy and therefore do not achieve the requirements for a function. Today, PUFs are usually implemented in integrated circuits and are typically used in applications with high-security requirements.\r\nMany attacks on sensitive data and resources reported by organizations occur from within the organization itself.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is hardware information security?</span>\r\nHardware means various types of devices (mechanical, electromechanical, electronic, etc.), which solve information protection problems with hardware. They impede access to information, including through its disguise. The hardware includes: noise generators, surge protectors, scanning radios and many other devices that &quot;block&quot; potential channels of information leakage or allow them to be detected. The advantages of technical means are related to their reliability, independence from subjective factors and high resistance to modification. The weaknesses include a lack of flexibility, relatively large volume and mass and high cost. The hardware for information protection includes the most diverse technical structures in terms of operation, device and capabilities, which ensure the suppression of disclosure, protection against leakage and counteraction to unauthorized access to sources of confidential information.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Where is the hardware used to protect information?</span>\r\nHardware information protection is used to solve the following problems:\r\n<ul><li>conducting special studies of technical means of ensuring production activity for the presence of possible channels of information leakage;</li><li>identification of information leakage channels at various objects and in premises;</li><li>localization of information leakage channels;</li><li>search and detection of industrial espionage tools;</li><li>countering unauthorized access to confidential information sources and other actions.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is the classification of information security hardware?</span>\r\nAccording to the functional purpose, the hardware can be classified into detection tools, search tools and detailed measurements and active and passive countermeasures. At the same time, according to their technical capabilities, information protection tools can be general-purpose, designed for use by non-professionals in order to obtain preliminary (general) estimates, and professional complexes that allow for a thorough search, detection and precision measurement of all the characteristics of industrial espionage equipment. As an example of the former, we can consider a group of IP electromagnetic radiation indicators, which have a wide range of received signals and rather low sensitivity. As a second example - a complex for the detection and direction finding of radio bookmarks, designed to automatically detect and locate radio transmitters, radio microphones, telephone bookmarks and network radio transmitters.<br /><br />","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Security_Hardware.png"},{"id":548,"title":"Web security - Appliance","alias":"web-security-appliance","description":"A security appliance is any form of server appliance that is designed to protect computer networks from unwanted traffic. Types of network security appliance:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Active devices</span> block unwanted traffic. Examples of such devices are firewalls, anti-virus scanning devices, and content filtering devices. For instance, if you want to make sure that you do not get pointless spam and other unnecessary issues, installing an active device might be a great idea. Active devices include anti-virus scanning devices, which will automatically scan throughout the network to ensure that no virus exists within the protected network. Then, there are web filtering appliances as well as firewalls, the purpose of both of which is to ensure that only useful content and traffic flows through the network and all pointless or harmful data is filtered.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Passive devices detect and report on unwanted traffic.</span> A common example is intrusion detection appliances, which are installed in order to determine whether the network has been compromised in any way. These devices usually work in the background at all times.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Preventative devices</span> scan networks and identify potential security problems (such as penetration testing and vulnerability assessment appliances). These devices are usually designed to 'prevent' damage to the network by identifying problems in advance. Common examples include devices that employ penetration testing as well as those devices which carry out vulnerability assessment on networks.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Unified Threat Management (UTM)</span> combines features together into one system, such as some firewalls, content filtering, web caching etc. UTM devices are designed to provide users with a one-stop solution to all of their network needs and internet security appliances. As the name clearly suggests, these devices provide the features of all of the other network devices and condense them into one. These devices are designed to provide a number of different network security options in one package, hence providing networks with a simple solution. Rather than installing four different devices, users can easily install one and be done with it. The market of UTM devices has exceeded the billion dollar mark already, which just goes to show how popular these devices have become amongst network users.\r\nOne of the most popular and accessible types of web security appliance tools is the hardware <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">keylogger.</span> This device is placed covertly between the case and keyboard with an output for the computer case and input for the keyboard. As hardware standards have changed over time, a USB hardware keylogger provides access on many devices.\r\nThe <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">web proxy appliance</span> is basically hardware you use to manage user web access. More to the point, it's the type of device that handles the blocking or controlling of suspicious programs. It's typically placed in between network users and the worldwide web; ergo, it's most popular application is serving as a central control hub over employee Internet use by corporations and enterprises. It's the in-between gateway that serves as a termination point of sorts for online communications within a network and is capable of applying a multitude of rule-based limitations on Internet traffic, web content, and requests before they even end up with end users.\r\nAnother commonly used hardware tool is the <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">wireless antenna.</span> These can be used to surveil a wide variety of wireless communications, including local cellular and internet service networks. More mechanical and general devices may include lockpicks or portable probes and hijack chips for compromising electronic devices through the physical circuit.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Secure web gateway appliances</span> are solutions to prevent advanced threats, block unauthorized access to systems or websites, stop malware, and monitor real-time activity across websites accessed by users within the institution. Software and cloud-based platforms now perform this function as well.","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"> What are the top Network Security Appliance brands?</h1>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Blue Coat Systems,</span> Sunnyvale, Calif.-based Blue Coat has been part of security powerhouse Symantec since 2016.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">F5 Networks,</span> the Seattle-based network application delivery vendor, sold about $17.6 million in network security appliances through the channel in the second quarter, NPD said.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">SonicWall.</span>Firewall power player SonicWall sold about $23.5 million in network security appliances through the channel in the second quarter, according to NPD.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Fortinet,</span> Sunnyvale, Calif., security software vendor Fortinet sold about $24.4 million in network security appliances through the channel in the second quarter, NPD said.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Cisco Systems,</span> Cisco Systems was the quarter's growth champion, posting $77.2 million in network security appliance sales through the channel in the period, beating the previous year’s quarterly total of $62.3 million by about 24 percent, according to NPD.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Palo Alto Networks.</span> With $94.2 million in network security appliance sales in the quarter, Palo Alto Networks was the best-selling network security appliance brand of the second quarter, according to NPD.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Web_security_Appliance.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]}],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[],"presenterCodeLng":"","productImplementations":[]}},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null,"useProductLoading":false,"sellProductLoading":false,"templatesById":{},"comparisonByTemplateId":{}},"filters":{"filterCriterias":{"loading":false,"error":null,"data":{"price":{"min":0,"max":6000},"users":{"loading":false,"error":null,"ids":[],"values":{}},"suppliers":{"loading":false,"error":null,"ids":[],"values":{}},"vendors":{"loading":false,"error":null,"ids":[],"values":{}},"roles":{"id":200,"title":"Roles","values":{"1":{"id":1,"title":"User","translationKey":"user"},"2":{"id":2,"title":"Supplier","translationKey":"supplier"},"3":{"id":3,"title":"Vendor","translationKey":"vendor"}}},"categories":{"flat":[],"tree":[]},"countries":{"loading":false,"error":null,"ids":[],"values":{}}}},"showAIFilter":false},"companies":{"companiesByAlias":{},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"implementations":{"implementationsByAlias":{},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"agreements":{"agreementById":{},"ids":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"comparison":{"loading":false,"error":false,"templatesById":{},"comparisonByTemplateId":{},"products":[],"selectedTemplateId":null},"presentation":{"type":null,"company":{},"products":[],"partners":[],"formData":{},"dataLoading":false,"dataError":false,"loading":false,"error":false},"catalogsGlobal":{"subMenuItemTitle":""}}